{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:19:41Z","timestamp":1792120781050,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,7]],"date-time":"2005-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1105056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>The restoration of normal immune responses, especially of the T\u2010helper type 1 immune response, is an important predictor of fungal infection outcome in patients with malignant disease who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The authors sought to evaluate the safety of adjuvant recombinant interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b as an immune\u2010modulatory therapy HSCT recipients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010two patients received interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b after undergoing HSCT at the author's institution between 1998 and 2003. A retrospective analysis was undertaken after obtaining permission from the Institutional Review Board.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010six of 32 patients (81%) received allogeneic stem cell grafts. All but 1 patient received interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b and antifungals to treat infections; the other patients received interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b to promote autologous graft\u2010versus\u2010tumor effect. Interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b usually was administered at a dose of 50 \u03bcg subcutaneously every other day. The median duration (\u00b1 standard deviation) of interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b therapy was 6 \u00b1 6.5 doses (range, 1\u201329 doses), and the median cumulative dose was 487 \u00b1 453 \u03bcg (range, 35\u20132175 \u03bcg). During therapy with interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b, fever was common (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 9 patients; 28%). In 1 patient (3%), new\u2010onset lymphocytopenia occurred but resolved after cytokine therapy was discontinued; there were no interferon\u2014 \u03b3\u20101b\u2010related episodes of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, or liver dysfunction. Interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b therapy did not precipitate or exacerbate acute or chronic graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease (GVHD). In fact, in 2 of 7 patients (29%) with acute GVHD and in 3 of 10 patients (30%) with chronic GVHD, significant improvements in GVHD were noted during therapy with interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b. Among the 26 patients with aspergillosis, 14 patients (54%) died. However, 5 of 10 patients (50%) with presumed pulmonary aspergillosis, 3 of 9 patients (33%) with probable pulmonary aspergillosis, 1 of 2 patients (50%) with definite pulmonary aspergillosis, and 3 of 5 patients (60%) with disseminated aspergillosis responded to antifungals and adjuvant interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recombinant interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b was tolerated without serious adverse reactions in HSCT recipients. A large, prospective, randomized study will be needed to evaluate the efficacy of this cytokine in high\u2010risk HSCT recipients who have invasive mycoses. Cancer 2005. \u00a9 2005 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,7]],"date-time":"2005-01-07T18:27:09Z","timestamp":1105122429000},"page":"731-739","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["The safety of interferon\u2010\u03b3\u20101b therapy for invasive fungal infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Amar","family":"Safdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilhen","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Ohmagari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios 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