{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:09:29Z","timestamp":1790669369955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]],"date-time":"2005-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Circulating occult tumors cells could be used for the surveillance of metastases after primary breast carcinoma therapy, but their detection is limited by the lack of specific molecular markers. Melanoma antigen genes (MAGEs), which are expressed in malignant tissues but not in normal tissues (except for placenta and testis), might provide such a marker. To date, however, the use of MAGEs in the detection of occult tumor cells using reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) has been limited because of the heterogeneity and low expression of individual MAGEs in tumor tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We developed multiple MAGE\u2010recognizing primers (MMRPs) that were capable of binding to the cyclic DNA of 6 MAGE\u2010A gene subtypes (MAGE\u2010A1\u2013MAGE\u2010A6). We assessed the ability of the MMRPs to detect the expression of MAGE\u2010A gene subtypes in peripheral blood obtained from patients with benign or malignant breast disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>MAGE\u2010A gene expression was not detected in 32 patients with benign disease but was detected in 1 of 31 patients (3%) patients with negative lymph node breast carcinoma, in 10 of 52 patients (19%) with 1\u20133 positive lymph nodes, in 11 of 53 patients (21%) with \u2265 4 positive lymph nodes, and in 20 of 52 patients (39%) with metastatic disease. The results were statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001; chi\u2010square test for linear\u2010by\u2010linear association). The results also showed that the detection of MAGE\u2010A gene expression in the blood predicted tumor progression or recurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggested that MAGE\u2010A gene expression may be used for the surveillance of circulating breast carcinoma cells after primary therapy by RT\u2010nested PCR using MMRPs. Cancer 2005. \u00a9 2005 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]],"date-time":"2005-06-03T14:18:06Z","timestamp":1117808286000},"page":"251-256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The melanoma antigen gene as a surveillance marker for the detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with breast carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Soim","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok Hyung","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungsil","family":"Ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang\u2010Ho","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Wook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Sook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.8.2632"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"8845","article-title":"Detection of occult metastatic breast cancer cells in blood by a multimolecular marker assay: correlation with clinical stage of disease","volume":"61","author":"Taback B","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199909)189:1<28::AID-PATH389>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.2079"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1643"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1840703"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"6682","article-title":"MAGE\u2010A gene expression pattern in primary breast cancer","volume":"61","author":"Otte M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008255630202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.002005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(97)80050-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","first-page":"551","article-title":"Expression spectrum of melanoma antigen\u2010encoding gene family members in colorectal carcinoma","volume":"122","author":"Hasegawa H","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910560612"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280100421"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10160"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2003.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"251","article-title":"Heterogeneous expression of MAGE\u2010A genes in occult disseminated tumor cells: a novel multimarker reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of micrometastatic disease","volume":"62","author":"Kufer P","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.3.1004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","first-page":"3478","article-title":"Identification of MAGE\u20101 and MAGE\u20104 proteins in spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes of testis","volume":"55","author":"Takahashi K","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1995.9945"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1995.1108"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00186613"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90639-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.1999.tb00019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(02)00105-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199409000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199509000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.10.2229"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198503143121102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr898"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196111\/12)14:6<1266::AID-CNCR2820140617>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197810)42:4<2025::AID-CNCR2820420452>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198111000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1986.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_2","first-page":"1565","article-title":"Prognostic importance of occult axillary lymph node micrometastases from breast cancers","volume":"335","author":"International (Ludwig) Breast Cancer Study Group","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711610403"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61667-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199101243240403"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.22.1652"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200002243420801"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040766"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcncr.21162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.21162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T18:52:08Z","timestamp":1760295128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.21162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.21162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.21162","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]]}}}