{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T22:04:04Z","timestamp":1783634644540,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,28]],"date-time":"2005-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1130457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathobiology of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is hampered by the lack of scientific tools that define their mechanisms of secretion, proliferation, and metastasis; and, currently, there are no accurate means to assess tumor behavior and disease prognosis. Molecular biologic techniques and genetic analysis may facilitate the delineation of the molecular pathology of NETs and provide novel insights into their cellular mechanisms. The current status and recent advances in assessment of the molecular basis of tumorigenesis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP\u2010NETs) were reviewed (1981\u20132004). The objectives of this retrospective study were to provide a cohesive overview of the current state of knowledge and to develop a molecular understanding of these rare tumor entities to facilitate the establishment of therapeutic targets and rational management strategies. Multiple differences in chromosomal aberration patterns were noted between gastrointestinal (GI) neuroendocrine and pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs). Divergence in gene expression patterns in the development of GI carcinoids and PETs was identified, whereas examination of the PET and GI carcinoid data demonstrated only few areas of overlap in the accumulation of genetic aberrations. These data suggest that the recent World Health Organization classification of GEP\u2010NETs may require updating. In addition, previous assumptions of tumor similarity (pancreatic vs. GI) may be unfounded when they are examined at a molecular level. On the basis of the evolution of genetic information, enteric neuroendocrine lesions (carcinoids) and PETs may need to be classified as two distinct entities rather than grouped together as the single entity \u201cGEP\u2010NETs.\u201d Cancer 2005. \u00a9 2005 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,28]],"date-time":"2005-10-28T19:19:41Z","timestamp":1130527181000},"page":"2292-2309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["The molecular genetics of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Michelle N.","family":"Zikusoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Kidd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geeta","family":"Eick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Latich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irvin M.","family":"Modlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00437-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"458","article-title":"Detection of chromogranin in neuroendocrine cells with a monoclonal antibody","volume":"115","author":"Wilson BS","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.10.3500"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)92682-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2003.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1294.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8070"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.5.1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"2238","article-title":"Allelic deletions on chromosome 11q13 in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1\u2010associated and sporadic gastrinomas and pancreatic endocrine tumors","volume":"57","author":"Debelenko LV","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","first-page":"671","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity in 11q13\u201314 regions in gastric neuroendocrine tumors not associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome","volume":"79","author":"D'Adda T","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lab Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.5.3944"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70171-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.32219"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","first-page":"4682","article-title":"Somatic mutations of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene in sporadic gastrinomas and insulinomas","volume":"57","author":"Zhuang Z","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.1.6260","article-title":"Genotype\/phenotype correlation of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene mutations in sporadic gastrinomas","volume":"85","author":"Goebel SU","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"571","article-title":"Cloning and expression of the ret proto\u2010oncogene encoding a tyrosine kinase with two potential transmembrane domains","volume":"3","author":"Takahashi M","year":"1988","journal-title":"Oncogene."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/2.7.851"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","first-page":"1519","article-title":"Human ret proto\u2010oncogene mapped to chromosome 10q11.2","volume":"4","author":"Ishizaka Y","year":"1989","journal-title":"Oncogene."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(03)00456-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.81.6.2041"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.1997.tb00165.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90618-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5327.805"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/3.10.1829"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.33.11.962"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310051073"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200310000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(03)00004-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ejso.1999.0911"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-42613"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis associated with duodenal somatostatinoma. A case report and review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Cappelli C","year":"2004","journal-title":"Minerva Endocrinol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0748-7983(96)80022-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.20.10589"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.30.2.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.18143"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200105000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65563-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_2","first-page":"1952","article-title":"High frequency loss of heterozygosity in von Hippel\u2010Lindau (VHL)\u2010associated and sporadic pancreatic islet cell tumors: evidence for a stepwise mechanism for malignant conversion in VHL tumorigenesis","volume":"62","author":"Lott ST","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119547"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200110000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65495-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2264(2000)9999:9999<::AID-GCC1011>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.1201"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.4.536"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2264(199805)22:1<50::AID-GCC7>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64136-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MP.0000097362.10330.B1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_2","first-page":"311","article-title":"Deletion of chromosome 1 predicts prognosis in pancreatic endocrine tumors","volume":"59","author":"Ebrahimi SA","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-002-4062-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_2","first-page":"817","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 1q in gastrinomas: occurrence and prognostic significance","volume":"63","author":"Chen YJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00785.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(02)00002-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4400631"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64658-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000134700"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.10081"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6603(08)60895-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1276"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1202585"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5247.350"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2294591"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(97)00142-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000129340"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(98)90206-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_67_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"The deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) gene: a candidate tumour suppressor gene encoding a cell surface protein with similarity to neural cell adhesion molecules","volume":"24","author":"Fearon ER","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Surv."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000135527.96318.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.17.11657"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1470507"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8089"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_72_2","first-page":"2759","article-title":"Mutations of the INI1 rhabdoid tumor suppressor gene in medulloblastomas and primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the central nervous system","volume":"6","author":"Biegel JA","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000080734"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1075"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_76_2","first-page":"2995","article-title":"A novel p16INK4A transcript","volume":"55","author":"Mao L","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0795-686"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90214-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.3.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.11.6970"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_81_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"Genetic alterations in gastrinomas and nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: an analysis of p16\/MTS1 tumor suppressor gene inactivation","volume":"58","author":"Muscarella P","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_82_2","first-page":"5905","article-title":"Tumor suppressor genes in the 9p21 gene cluster are selective targets of inactivation in neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors","volume":"61","author":"Lubomierski N","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000007810"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206123"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_85_2","first-page":"355","article-title":"Identification and cloning of two overexpressed genes, U21B31\/PRAD1 and EMS1, within the amplified chromosome 11q13 region in human carcinomas","volume":"7","author":"Schuuring E","year":"1992","journal-title":"Oncogene."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_86_2","first-page":"177","article-title":"PRAD1 (cyclin D1): a parathyroid neoplasia gene on 11q13","volume":"40","author":"Arnold A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Henry Ford Hosp Med J."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.85.11.4373"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1790073"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.34.20608"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.31.22033"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3260061"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ejso.2001.1229"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3823889"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.12.5257"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1991.tb04479.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_96_2","first-page":"5766","article-title":"Frequent loss of heterozygosity at the retinoblastoma locus in human esophageal cancers","volume":"51","author":"Boynton RF","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_97_2","first-page":"6","article-title":"Co\u2010deletions of the retinoblastoma gene and Wilms' tumor gene and rearrangement of the Krev\u20101 gene in a human insulinoma","volume":"22","author":"Iwamura Y","year":"1992","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_98_2","first-page":"325","article-title":"Deletions and rearrangements of the retinoblastoma gene in hepatocellular carcinoma, insulinoma and some neurogenic tumors as found in a study of 121 tumors","volume":"21","author":"Nakamura T","year":"1991","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2861110.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.1.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1997.1078"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_102_2","first-page":"5061","article-title":"Role of p53 mutations in endocrine tumorigenesis: mutation detection by polymerase chain reaction\u2010single strand conformation polymorphism","volume":"52","author":"Yoshimoto K","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.401_w.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00313029700169774"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-003-0249-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02739834"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000133960"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_108_2","first-page":"1211","article-title":"p27Kip1: chromosomal mapping to 12p12\u201312p13.1 and absence of mutations in human tumors","volume":"55","author":"Ponce\u2010Castaneda MV","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.2001.6085"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2001.28234"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(95)80180-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.14.5214"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199604000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019606-200312000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000134507"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_116_2","first-page":"S13","article-title":"Expression of the erbB\u20102 family of growth factor receptors and their ligands in breast cancers. Implication for tumor biology and clinical behavior","volume":"102","author":"Bacus SS","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11137"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_118_2","first-page":"3702","article-title":"Her\u20102\/neu expression and gene amplification in gastrinomas: correlations with tumor biology, growth, and aggressiveness","volume":"62","author":"Goebel SU","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_119_2","first-page":"211","article-title":"Amplification of the HER\u20102\/neu protooncogene in human endocrine tumors","volume":"112","author":"Evers BM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surgery."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/11.23.8221"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1080420419"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_122_2","first-page":"758","article-title":"Comparison of mutations of ras oncogene in human pancreatic exocrine and endocrine tumors","volume":"114","author":"Yashiro T","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surgery."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711770410"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(98)80068-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1994.1493"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00313020410001671957"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20111"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_128_2","first-page":"6656","article-title":"Accumulation of beta\u2010catenin protein and mutations in exon 3 of beta\u2010catenin gene in gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor","volume":"61","author":"Fujimori M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000007704"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/24.1.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0045(20001201)45:4<323::AID-PROS7>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2003.02973.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(95)80060-Y"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_134_2","first-page":"2227","article-title":"In situ RNA\u2010RNA hybridisation of phospholipase C beta 3 shows lack of expression in neuroendocrine tumours","volume":"23","author":"Stalberg P","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1294.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2003.10.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00702867"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(93)90069-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.10.826"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.16.1303"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000132325"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2004.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000015134"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(86)90554-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.143.3.798","article-title":"CD44 contributes to T cell activation","volume":"143","author":"Huet S","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:HIJO.0000032354.94213.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.24.12160"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_148_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MP.0000038464.44522.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_149_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008333812548"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)52976-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_151_2","first-page":"4044","article-title":"Aberrant methylation of the cyclooxygenase 2 CpG island in colorectal tumors","volume":"60","author":"Toyota M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_152_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1612"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_153_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7521539"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_154_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(90)90528-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_155_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1202663"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/7.1.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_157_2","first-page":"242","article-title":"Structure of the human MLH1 locus and analysis of a large hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma kindred for mlh1 mutations","volume":"55","author":"Kolodner RD","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_158_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(03)00412-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_159_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(99)00108-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_160_2","first-page":"326","article-title":"Telomerase activity is detected in pancreatic cancer but not in benign tumors","volume":"57","author":"Hiyama E","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_161_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_162_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.190210897"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_163_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1443"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_164_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:2<329::AID-ELPS329>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_165_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2003.013490"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcncr.21451","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.21451","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T21:55:07Z","timestamp":1760306107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.21451"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,28]]},"references-count":164,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.21451"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.21451","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,28]]}}}