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Imatinib, a potent BCR\u2010ABL inhibitor, is the standard of care for the first\u2010line treatment of patients with chronic\u2010phase CML because of its high long\u2010term response rates and favorable tolerability profile compared with previous standard therapies. However, resistance to imatinib develops in 2% to 4% of patients annually. For patients with acquired cytogenetic resistance to standard\u2010dose imatinib (400 mg daily), imatinib dose escalation (600\u2010800 mg daily) is an excellent first option for managing patients and achieving cytogenetic responses. However, for patients with primary resistance to imatinib, hematologic disease recurrence, or emergent BCR\u2010ABL kinase domain mutations, imatinib dose escalation may not be sufficient to control the disease. For these patients, the potent second\u2010generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors dasatinib and nilotinib are available. Both agents provide effective therapeutic options for patients with imatinib resistance or intolerance. For the current overview, the authors reviewed the data supporting the use of both dasatinib and nilotinib in imatinib\u2010resistant or imatinib\u2010intolerant patients, and they have highlighted the future of CML therapy. Overall, the article is intended to offer physicians a comprehensive review of the current literature and to provide data supporting various treatment options for patients with CML throughout the course of imatinib therapy and beyond. Cancer 2010. \u00a9 2010 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]],"date-time":"2010-01-29T16:40:17Z","timestamp":1264783217000},"page":"1419-1430","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Optimizing therapy for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Hagop M.","family":"Kantarjian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"La Ros\u00e9e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hochhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","volume-title":"NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. 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