{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T11:42:20Z","timestamp":1791805340588,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,9]],"date-time":"2010-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of chemotherapy\u2010induced amenorrhea (CIA) and the time to subsequent menstrual bleeding in premenopausal breast cancer patients treated with current standard chemotherapy regimens was examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four hundred sixty\u2010six women ages 20 to 45 years at the time of diagnosis of a stage I to III breast cancer were recruited between January 1998 and July 2002. Patients completed monthly bleeding calendars from the time of study recruitment. Updated medical history data were obtained at 6\u2010month intervals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most women received doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC); doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel (ACT); or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5\u2010fluorouracil (CMF). Approximately 41% of women experienced an initial 6 months of CIA, and an additional 29% had at least 1 year of CIA. Approximately half of the women with 6 months of CIA and 29% of those with 1 year of CIA resumed bleeding within the subsequent 3 years, usually in the year after their amenorrheic episode. Resumption of bleeding differed significantly by treatment regimen after 6 months of CIA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .002; 68% with AC, 57% with ACT, and 23% with CMF), but not after 1 year of CIA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .5). Of the 23% of women who experienced an initial 2\u2010year period of CIA, 10% resumed bleeding within the ensuing 3 years after their amenorrheic episode, but none had regular menses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A considerable proportion of women treated with chemotherapy will experience periods of CIA, but many will resume bleeding. Newer treatment regimens such as ACT appear to have a higher resumption of bleeding compared with CMF. This finding may have implications for choice of anti\u2010estrogen treatment and for future potential pregnancies\/fertility. Cancer 2010. \u00a9 2010 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,12]],"date-time":"2010-04-12T13:48:46Z","timestamp":1271080126000},"page":"3102-3111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Incidence and time course of bleeding after long\u2010term amenorrhea after breast cancer treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Paniti","family":"Sukumvanich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Doug","family":"Case","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Van Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Eva","family":"Singletary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Electra D.","family":"Paskett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanne A.","family":"Petrek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Naftalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle J.","family":"Naughton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.1.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03301-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.5.1718"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199504063321401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.04.196"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.01.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1990.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-73-5-925"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.4.1341"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8588(18)30197-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.07.2793"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"45","article-title":"Amenorrhea following chemotherapy for breast cancer: effect on disease\u2010free survival","volume":"8","author":"Collichio F","year":"1994","journal-title":"Oncology (Williston Park)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.3969"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"4454","article-title":"A randomized trial of adjuvant combination chemotherapy with or without prednisone in premenopausal breast cancer patients with metastases in 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes","volume":"45","author":"Ludwig Breast Cancer Study Group","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1991.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197909)44:3<847::AID-CNCR2820440309>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a057718"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(93)90569-2","article-title":"Chemotherapy induced amenorrhoea in a randomised trial of adjuvant chemotherapy duration in breast cancer","volume":"29","author":"Reyno LM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21385"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.coc.0000251398.57630.4f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jncimonographs.a003463"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09088-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040331"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000226930"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(99)00225-7"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcncr.25106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.25106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T09:53:30Z","timestamp":1760262810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.25106"}},"subtitle":["A prospective study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,9]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.25106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.25106","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,9]]}}}