{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T10:51:15Z","timestamp":1781520675430,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Use of tobacco products, excessive alcohol consumption, and high\u2010risk sexual behaviors increase the risk of developing head and neck cancer and impacts treatment effectiveness after diagnosis. This study examined smoking and engagement in other modifiable behavioral risk factors and human papillomavirus (HPV) status in patients with head and neck cancer in order to facilitate identification and foster development of targeted interventions in high\u2010risk patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were 102 patients with head and neck cancer at a large urban cancer center who completed a self\u2010report background and health questionnaire and provided a saliva sample for determination of the long\u2010acting nicotine metabolite cotinine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with former and never\u2010smokers, current smokers were less educated, less likely to be married or living with a partner, and consumed more alcohol. Cotinine analysis indicated that 4 of 16 (25%) patients who denied past\u2010month cigarette use misrepresented their true smoking status. Of patients with oropharyngeal cancer, 74% were confirmed as HPV\u2010positive, and compared with HPV\u2010negative patients, they were younger, more likely to be married\/partnered and of Caucasian race, and reported more past vaginal and oral sexual partners. Only one\u2010third of HPV\u2010positive patients were aware of their HPV disease status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cigarette smoking is associated with engagement in other modifiable risk factors in patients with head and neck cancer. Self\u2010report measures of smoking may not accurately depict true smoking status. HPV\u2010positive cancer patients were more likely to endorse a history of multiple sexual partners. Regular screening and targeted interventions for these distinct risk factors are warranted. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> 2013;119:2419\u20102426<\/jats:bold>. \u00a9 <jats:italic>2013 American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T12:09:12Z","timestamp":1365595752000},"page":"2419-2426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Modifiable risk behaviors in patients with head and neck cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Janani","family":"Sivasithamparam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carly A.","family":"Visk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezra E. 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