{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:24:51Z","timestamp":1790310291894,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]],"date-time":"2013-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients diagnosed with prostate cancer are often counseled about treatment options with the use of terms that are part of the \u201ccore vocabulary\u201d of prostate cancer. It is hypothesized that predominantly lower literacy patients would demonstrate a severe lack of comprehension of prostate cancer terms, thus validating the findings of a previous single\u2010institution study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A previously developed survey was used to evaluate understanding of terms related to urinary, bowel, and sexual function. The survey was administered by trained evaluators at 2 safety net clinics that provide care for low\u2010income, predominantly African American patients. Comprehension was assessed using semiqualitative methods coded by 2 independent investigators. Literacy and numeracy were also evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 109 patients who completed the study, only 5% understood the function of the prostate, and 15%, 29%, and 32% understood the terms \u201cincontinence,\u201d \u201curinary function,\u201d and \u201cbowel habits,\u201d respectively. Lower levels of comprehension were observed for compound words, such as \u201cvaginal intercourse\u201d (58%), versus single words such as \u201cintercourse\u201d (95%), validating previous work. Median school level was 13 years, yet median literacy level was only ninth grade, and reading level was significantly correlated with comprehension. Only 30% of patients correctly calculated both a fraction and a percent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lack of comprehension of prostate health terminology is pronounced in this patient population and may be widespread. This lack of comprehension potentially limits the ability of patients to participate in informed decision\u2010making. These results validate the findings of previous studies and supports a continued need for refined methods of prostate cancer education. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> 2013;119:3204\u20133211<\/jats:bold>. \u00a9 <jats:italic>2013 American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]],"date-time":"2013-06-03T15:48:38Z","timestamp":1370274518000},"page":"3204-3211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Severe lack of comprehension of common prostate health terms among low\u2010income inner\u2010city men"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashesh B.","family":"Jani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline G.","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musu","family":"Sesay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina V.","family":"Echt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerry E.","family":"Kilbridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\u2010Oncology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Mongan Institute for Health Policy Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viraj A.","family":"Master","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20073"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011967"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2012.0114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.43.3441"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.3468"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000065662.52170.6f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-11-199712010-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"391","article-title":"Rapid estimate of adult literacy in medicine: a shortened screening instrument","volume":"25","author":"Davis TC","year":"1993","journal-title":"Fam Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03403900"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Biostatistics","author":"Rosner B","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.Health Literacy in Action: Design Development and Measurement (Text Version). December2009.http:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/news\/events\/conference\/2009\/brach3\/index.html. Accessed March 28 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2009.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.940"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2007.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-9-200405040-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute.Prostate Cancer Treatment: Treatment Option Overview Patient Version.2012.http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/cancertopics\/pdq\/treatment\/prostate\/Patient\/page4. Accessed October 17 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society.Detailed Guide: Prostate Cancer.2012.http:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/prostatecancer\/detailedguide\/index. Accessed October 17 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)36966-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.06.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","unstructured":"US Census Bureau.The Black Alone Population in the United States.2011.http:\/\/www.census.gov\/population\/race\/data\/ppl\u2010ba11.html. Accessed March 21 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","volume-title":"The health literacy of America's adults: results from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy","author":"Kutner M","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2010.07.011"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcncr.28186","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.28186","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T20:56:38Z","timestamp":1760302598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.28186"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.28186"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.28186","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]]}}}