{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T16:29:34Z","timestamp":1793982574939,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA 79778"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA 79778"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01-CA-80098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01-CA-80098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung screening has been associated with a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality. A major barrier to the adoption of lung screening is the potential negative psychological impact of a false\u2010positive (FP) screen, occurring in 20% to 50% of those screened. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of abnormal findings on health\u2010related quality of life (HRQoL) and anxiety in the American College of Radiology (ACRIN)\/National Lung Screening Trial (NLST).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The NLST was a randomized screening trial comparing LDCT with chest X\u2010ray screening (CXR). This study was part of the original protocol. A total of 2812 participants at 16 of 23 ACRIN sites who had baseline HRQoL assessments were asked to complete the Short Form\u201036 and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (form Y\u20101) questionnaires to assess short\u2010term (1 month) and long\u2010term (6 months) effects of screening. FP were lung cancer\u2013free at 1 year, and true\u2010positives (TP) were not.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the total participants, 1024 (36.4%) participants were FP, 63 (2.2%) were TP, 344 (12.2%) had significant incidental findings (SIFs), and 1381 (49.1%) had negative screens. Participants had been randomized to LDCT (n\u2009=\u20091947) and CXR (n\u2009=\u2009865). Short\u2010term and long\u2010term HRQoL and state anxiety did not differ across participants with FP, SIF, or negative screens. Short\u2010term and long\u2010term HRQoL were lower and anxiety was higher for TP participants compared to participants with FP, SIF, and negative screens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a large multicenter lung screening trial, participants receiving a false\u2010positive or SIF screen result experienced no significant difference in HRQoL or state anxiety at 1 or at 6 months after screening relative to those receiving a negative result. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> 2014;120:3401\u20133409.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2014 The Authors. <jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of <jats:italic>American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T09:22:03Z","timestamp":1406280123000},"page":"3401-3409","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Impact of lung cancer screening results on participant health\u2010related quality of life and state anxiety in the National Lung Screening Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Ilana F.","family":"Gareen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Statistical Sciences Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenghai","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Statistical Sciences Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin M.","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Statistical Sciences Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley S.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Statistical Sciences Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip M.","family":"Boiselle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elyse R.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongan Institute for Health Policy Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston 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