{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:44:37Z","timestamp":1790127877613,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03CA171017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03CA171017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Swedish Research Council Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Perinatal factors including high birth weight have been found to be associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in case\u2010control studies. However, to the best of our knowledge, these findings have seldom been examined in large population\u2010based cohort studies, and the specific contributions of gestational age and fetal growth remain unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors conducted a national cohort study of 3,569,333 individuals without Down syndrome who were born in Sweden between 1973 and 2008 and followed for the incidence of ALL through 2010 (maximum age, 38 years) to examine perinatal and familial risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 1960 ALL cases with 69.7 million person\u2010years of follow\u2010up. After adjusting for potential confounders, risk factors for ALL included high fetal growth (incidence rate ratio [IRR] per additional 1 standard deviation, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.02\u20101.11 [<jats:italic>P =<\/jats:italic>.002]; and IRR for large vs appropriate for gestational age, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06\u20101.40 [<jats:italic>P =<\/jats:italic>.005]), first\u2010degree family history of ALL (IRR, 7.41; 95% CI, 4.60\u201011.95 [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001]), male sex (IRR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10\u20101.31 [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001]), and parental country of birth (IRR for both parents born in Sweden vs other countries, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.00\u20101.27 [<jats:italic>P =<\/jats:italic>.045]). These risk factors did not appear to vary by patient age at the time of diagnosis of ALL. Gestational age at birth, season of birth, birth order, multiple birth, parental age, and parental education level were not found to be associated with ALL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this large cohort study, high fetal growth was found to be associated with an increased risk of ALL in childhood through young adulthood, independent of gestational age at birth, suggesting that growth factor pathways may play an important long\u2010term role in the etiology of ALL. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer 2015;121:1040\u20131047<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 <jats:italic>2014 American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T13:35:08Z","timestamp":1416576908000},"page":"1040-1047","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Perinatal and familial risk factors for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a Swedish national cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Casey","family":"Crump","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University Malmo Sweden"},{"name":"Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiva","family":"Sieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Research and Policy Stanford University Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn A.","family":"Winkleby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University Malmo Sweden"},{"name":"Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2010.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2010.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24225"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg210"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-007-9011-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22308"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2012.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-011-1624-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14164.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1331"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"TX: StataCorp LP; 2013 StataCorp LP. 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