{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T17:23:22Z","timestamp":1792517002844,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]],"date-time":"2015-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA1009767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA1009767"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TL1TR000144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1TR000144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA109767-S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA109767-S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Statins are cholesterol\u2010lowering medications with pleiotropic effects, including alterations in growth signaling, as well as immunomodulatory and anti\u2010inflammatory effects that may alter cancer risk. Evidence from previous epidemiologic studies is inconsistent about whether statin use is associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer (PC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with confirmed diagnoses of PC (cases) were recruited from medical and surgical oncology clinics, with controls (frequency\u2010matched by sex and age) recruited from general medicine clinics, at a high\u2010volume academic medical center over a 6\u2010year period (2006\u20102011). Direct interviews were conducted with an epidemiological risk factor questionnaire covering topics such as medical history, lifestyle factors, and medication usage. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as estimates of the relative risk of PC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data were obtained from 536 cases and 869 controls. Ever use of statins was associated with a 34% reduced PC risk (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47\u20100.92). In sex\u2010stratified analyses, risk was statistically significantly reduced in men only (OR for men, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32\u20100.79; OR for women, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.52\u20101.43). Duration of use was inversely associated with PC risk (&gt;10\u2010year use: overall OR, 0.51; OR for men, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.21\u20100.80;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>trend<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.006).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This is the largest case\u2010control study to demonstrate an inverse association between statin use and PC risk. Risk reduction in statin users appears to be sex\u2010specific and is more pronounced in long\u2010term users. Further research is warranted to better characterize this association and clarify the roles of underlying biologic mechanisms.\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic>\n                        2015;121:1287\u20131294.\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      \u00a9\n                      <jats:italic>2015 American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]],"date-time":"2015-02-03T11:26:42Z","timestamp":1422962802000},"page":"1287-1294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Statin use and risk of pancreatic cancer: Results from a large, clinic\u2010based case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Evan J.","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew H.","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Holly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paige M.","family":"Bracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1404198"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2005.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"CD004816","article-title":"Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"1","author":"Taylor F","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1751"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1201735"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.02.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-005399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/152460901317193549"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00147-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.16.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.24.3215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16936-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-010-9628-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-013-2778-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e31821fd5cd"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000254694.03027.a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24536"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-2953"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601566"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e318030e963"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23242"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2004.00299.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.1.139-148.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10067"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90571-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1164368"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000028149.15986.4C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0602.103393"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"4885","article-title":"Inhibition of epidermal growth factor\u2010induced RhoA translocation and invasion of human pancreatic cancer cells by 3\u2010hydroxy\u20103\u2010methylglutaryl\u2010coenzyme a reductase inhibitors","volume":"61","author":"Kusama T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.11.4.463"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156800905774932824"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g3743"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X167516"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2012.2145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-012-9979-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","unstructured":"Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) Research Data (1973\u20132011) National Cancer Institute DCCPS Surveillance Research Program Surveillance Systems Branch released April2014 based on the November 2013 submission."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm070"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcncr.29256","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.29256","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T21:09:23Z","timestamp":1760303363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.29256"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.29256"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.29256","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]]}}}