{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:34:20Z","timestamp":1790364860600,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]],"date-time":"2016-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Australian National Cervical Screening Program, introduced more than 20 years ago, does not record the Indigenous status of screening participants. This article reports the first population\u2010based estimates of participation in cervical screening for Indigenous and non\u2010Indigenous Australian women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective, population\u2010based study of 1,334,795 female Queensland residents, aged 20 to 69 years, who participated in cervical screening from 2000 to 2011; 26,829 were identified as Indigenous through linkage to hospitalization records. Participation rates were calculated as the number of women screened divided by the average estimated resident population, with adjustments made for hysterectomies, for each 2\u2010, 3\u2010, and 5\u2010year screening period. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), which were adjusted for age group, place of residence, and socioeconomic disadvantage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2010\u20102011, the 2\u2010year participation rate was 55.7% (95% CI, 55.6%\u201055.9%) for non\u2010Indigenous women and 33.5% (95% CI, 32.9%\u201034.1%) for Indigenous women; this represented a decrease from 2000\u20102001 (57.7% [95% CI, 57.6%\u201057.9%] and 35.3% [95% CI, 34.5%\u201036.1%], respectively). The difference between Indigenous and non\u2010Indigenous women was greatest for those aged 45 to 49 years. The 3\u2010 and 5\u2010year participation rates were higher within both groups, and the absolute differences between the 2 groups were larger. Significant interactions between the Indigenous status and the place of residence and socioeconomic disadvantage highlight that the Indigenous\/non\u2010Indigenous differential was evident in all places of residence except for very remote areas (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95\u20101.02) and was greatest in the most affluent areas (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.24\u20100.27).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indigenous Australian women participate less than non\u2010Indigenous women, and this gap has not closed. These results provide important benchmarks for the new Australian cervical screening program commencing in 2017, which will provide opportunities to reduce inequities for Indigenous women and address longstanding data deficiencies in the collection of the Indigenous status. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> 2016;122:1560\u20139<\/jats:bold>. \u00a9 2016 The Authors. <jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of <jats:italic>American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]],"date-time":"2016-04-11T04:02:42Z","timestamp":1460347362000},"page":"1560-1569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["The first comprehensive report on Indigenous Australian women's inequalities in cervical screening: A retrospective registry cohort study in Queensland, Australia (2000\u20102011)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Lisa J.","family":"Whop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail","family":"Garvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Baade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Council Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamalini","family":"Lokuge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia M. L.","family":"Brotherton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Cytology Service, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia C.","family":"Valery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"},{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dianne L.","family":"O'Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Council New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School University of Sydney  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Canfell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Council New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School University of Sydney  New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbey","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Roder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Population Health Research University of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Gertig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Cytology Service, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne P.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Condon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Cervical Screening in Australia 2012\u20132013","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000375"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-12-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00663.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2006.tb00112.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00414.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.1998.tb01477.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","volume-title":"Indigenous Identification in Hospital Separations Data\u2014Quality Report","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009540"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","volume-title":"National Best Practice Guidelines for Data Linkage Activities Relating to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Rural, Regional and Remote Health: A Guide to Remoteness Classifications","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","volume-title":"Technical Paper Socio\u2010Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) 2011","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.Principles on the Use of Direct Age\u2010Standardisation in Administrative Data Collections: for Measuring the Gap Between Indigenous and Non\u2010Indigenous Australians. 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