{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T15:55:51Z","timestamp":1783180551852,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]],"date-time":"2016-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81421061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81421061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31200954"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31200954"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-funded project","award":["2012M510110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012M510110"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-funded project","award":["2013T60440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013T60440"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genomic alterations of small bowel cancers remain poorly understood due to the rarity of these diseases. In the current study, the authors report the identification of somatic mutations from patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma by whole\u2010exome sequencing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whole\u2010exome sequencing and follow\u2010up analysis were conducted in 12 matched tumor\u2010normal tissue duodenal adenocarcinoma tissue pairs to examine the genetic characteristics of this disease. Somatic mutations (single\u2010nucleotide variants and short insertion\/deletions) were obtained and filtered and then searched for recurrently mutated genes and pathways.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>An excess of C\u2010to\u2010T transitions at the CpG dinucleotide was observed in the substitution of bases. The authors identified recurrent mutations in tumor protein p53 (<jats:italic>TP53<\/jats:italic>), <jats:italic>KRAS,<\/jats:italic> catenin (cadherin\u2010associated protein) \u03b2\u20101 (<jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>), AT\u2010rich interactive domain 2 (<jats:italic>ARID2<\/jats:italic>), adenomatous polyposis coli (<jats:italic>APC<\/jats:italic>), erb\u2010b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (<jats:italic>ERBB2<\/jats:italic>), <jats:italic>ARID1A,<\/jats:italic> cadherin\u2010related family member 1 (<jats:italic>CDHR1<\/jats:italic>), <jats:italic>NRAS,<\/jats:italic> Bcl\u20102\u2010related ovarian killer (<jats:italic>BOK<\/jats:italic>), radial spoke head 14 homolog (chlamydomonas) (<jats:italic>RTDR1<\/jats:italic>), cell division cycle 27 (<jats:italic>CDC27<\/jats:italic>), catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide\u20103\u2010kinase (<jats:italic>PIK3CA<\/jats:italic>), and SMAD family member 4 (<jats:italic>SMAD4<\/jats:italic>). Pathway scan indicated that the Wnt signaling pathway, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, and the pathway of focal adhesion were the most extensively affected pathways.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>This genomic characterization of duodenal adenocarcinoma provides researchers with insight into its somatic landscape and highlights the vital role of the Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signaling pathway. The study data also indicate that duodenal adenocarcinomas have a genetic resemblance to gastric and colorectal cancers. These discoveries may benefit the future development of molecular diagnosis and personalized therapies. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> 2016;122:1689\u201096<\/jats:bold>. \u00a9 <jats:italic>2016 American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]],"date-time":"2016-03-21T22:19:50Z","timestamp":1458598790000},"page":"1689-1696","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Whole\u2010exome sequencing of duodenal adenocarcinoma identifies recurrent Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signaling pathway mutations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio\u2010X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education) Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio\u2010X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education) Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Biliary Tract Disease Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binghua","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Special Treatment, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Tongji University Shanghai 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