{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T20:14:35Z","timestamp":1790367275979,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50 DE019032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 DE019032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well\u2010established prognostic marker for oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC). Because of the limited numbers of women and nonwhites in studies to date, sex and racial\/ethnic differences in prognosis have not been well explored. In this study, survival differences were explored by the tumor HPV status among 1) patients with OPSCCs by sex and race and 2) patients with nonoropharyngeal (non\u2010OP) head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCCs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective, multi\u2010institution study included OPSCCs and non\u2010OP HNSCCs of the oral cavity, larynx, and nasopharynx diagnosed from 1995 to 2012. Race\/ethnicity was categorized as white non\u2010Hispanic, black non\u2010Hispanic, Asian non\u2010Hispanic, and Hispanic of any race. Tumors were centrally tested for p16 overexpression and the presence of HPV by HPV16 DNA and high\u2010risk HPV E6\/E7 messenger RNA in situ hybridization. Kaplan\u2010Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate overall survival (OS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study population included 239 patients with OPSCC and 621 patients with non\u2010OP HNSCC with a median follow\u2010up time of 3.5 years. After adjustments for the tumor HPV status, age, current tobacco use, and stage, the risk of death was lower for women versus men with OPSCC (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.55; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04). The results were similar with p16. In contrast, for non\u2010OP HNSCCs, HPV positivity, p16 positivity, and sex were not associated with OS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>For OPSCC, there are differences in survival by sex, even after the tumor HPV status has been taken into account. For non\u2010OP HNSCC, the HPV status and the p16 status are not of prognostic significance. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer<\/jats:italic> 2017;123:1566\u20131575.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 <jats:italic>2017 American Cancer Society<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T16:22:43Z","timestamp":1488212563000},"page":"1566-1575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":198,"title":["The prognostic role of sex, race, and human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal and nonoropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Carole","family":"Fakhry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Surgery Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William 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University Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Surgery Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Richmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Surgery Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Eisele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Surgery Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gypsyamber","family":"D'Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore 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