{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:27:05Z","timestamp":1792520825520,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01CA203719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01CA203719"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain is a common problem, especially in the first few years of breast cancer survivorship. Asian American survivors of breast cancer reportedly have inadequate cancer pain management, and subsequently report a lower quality of life compared with other racial\/ethnic groups. Technology\u2010based programs could improve the cancer pain management process. The purpose of the current study was to examine the efficacy of a technology\u2010based information and coaching\/support program on cancer pain and its accompanying symptoms among Asian American survivors of breast cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study adopted a randomized pretest\/posttest group design. The sample included 115 Asian American survivors of breast cancer (49 in the control group and 66 in the intervention group). The participants' background features, pain (frequency and distress), accompanying symptom distress (global, physical, and psychological), and 4 theory\u2010based mediators (attitude, self\u2010efficacy, perceived barriers, and social influence) were measured using multiple instruments at 3 time points (pretest, after 1\u00a0month, and after 3\u00a0months). The current study used an intent\u2010to\u2010treat approach and conducted linear mixed model growth curve analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significant decreases noted in all outcome variables, including pain and symptoms over time in both groups. There were greater decreases in physical symptom distress scores among the intervention group compared with the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0229). The mediators as a whole significantly explained overall decreases in general, physical, and psychological symptom distress scores after 3\u00a0months in both groups and the intervention group's greater decreases in general, physical, and psychological symptom distress scores after 1\u00a0month.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The technology\u2010based program described herein could help to reduce cancer pain and its accompanying symptoms among Asian American survivors of breast cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T09:22:30Z","timestamp":1573550550000},"page":"670-680","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["The efficacy of a technology\u2010based information and coaching\/support program on pain and symptoms in Asian American survivors of breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"126","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7253-7996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun\u2010Ok","family":"Im","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangmi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You Lee","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wonshik","family":"Chee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society.Cancer Facts & Figures 2019. Accessed October 14 2019.http:\/\/www.cancer.org\/content\/dam\/cancer-org\/research\/cancer-facts-and-statistics\/annual-cancerfacts-and-figures\/2019\/cancer-facts-and-figures-2019.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.4629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"216","article-title":"Breast cancer pain management\u2013a review of current and novel therapies","volume":"139","author":"Satija A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037875"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-012-2335-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2013.12.239"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2014.0054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e3280117cf8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.39.2381"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-009-0100-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10414"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005314602587"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyh004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0b013e31818fcea4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NCC.0000305730.95839.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soncn.2011.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8721.ep10768783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.12.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(02)00434-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001249"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000901)89:5<1162::AID-CNCR26>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.24.3.235"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","volume-title":"SAS System for Mixed Models","author":"Littell RC","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Paper 433\u20102013: a Multilevel Model Primer Using SAS Proc Mixed","author":"Bell BA","year":"2013","journal-title":"SAS Global Forum"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2010.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2009.0135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2003.44.5.892"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji064"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2010.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732307313429"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105305057319"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcncr.32579","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.32579","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cncr.32579","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.32579","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T10:21:49Z","timestamp":1760264509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.32579"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.32579"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.32579","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}