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We used proportional hazards regression to evaluate associations of social support (tertiles) and types of support, assessed up to 6\u00a0years before diagnosis, with overall and CRC\u2010specific mortality. We also assessed associations\u00a0of social integration and living alone with outcomes also in a subset of 1141 women who had information available on social ties (marital\/partner status, community and religious participation) and living situation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In multivariable analyses, women with low (hazard ratio [HR], 1.52; 95% CI, 1.23\u20101.88) and moderate (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.98\u20101.50) perceived social support had significantly higher overall mortality than those with high support (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      [continuous]\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Similarly, women with low (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.07\u20101.88) and moderate (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.96\u20101.70) perceived social support had higher CRC mortality than those with high social support (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      [continuous]\u00a0=\u00a0.007). Emotional, informational, and tangible support and positive interaction were all significantly associated with outcomes, whereas affection was not. In main\u2010effects analyses, the level of social integration was related to overall mortality (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      for trend\u00a0=\u00a0.02), but not CRC mortality (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      for trend\u00a0=\u00a0.25), and living alone was not associated with mortality outcomes. However, both the level of social integration and living alone were related to outcomes in patients with rectal cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with low perceived social support before diagnosis have higher overall and CRC\u2010specific mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]],"date-time":"2020-01-23T12:00:46Z","timestamp":1579780846000},"page":"1766-1775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Prediagnosis social support, social integration, living status, and colorectal cancer mortality in postmenopausal women from the women's health initiative"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"126","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6128-3118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Candyce H.","family":"Kroenke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Electra D.","family":"Paskett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crystal W.","family":"Cen\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bette J.","family":"Caan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhua","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health Indiana University Bloomington Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aladdin H.","family":"Shadyab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego School of Medicine La Jolla California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamaica R. M.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle Washington"},{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rami","family":"Nassir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of California Davis California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothy S.","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garnet L.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195083316.003.0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibx061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.2846"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-012-2253-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2009.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-010-0139-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"253","article-title":"The relationship between social ties and survival among black and white breast cancer patients. 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