{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:34:24Z","timestamp":1760315664148,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have shown that men with HIV and germ cell cancer (HIV\u2010GCC) have inferior overall survival (OS) in comparison with their HIV\u2010negative counterparts. However, little information is available on treatments and outcomes of HIV\u2010GCC in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examined men living with HIV who were 18 years old or older and had a diagnosis of histologically proven germ cell cancer (GCC). The primary outcomes were OS and progression\u2010free survival (PFS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data for 89 men with a total of 92 HIV\u2010GCCs (2 synchronous GCCs and 1 metachronous bilateral GCC) were analyzed; among them were 64 seminomas (70%) and 28 nonseminomas (30%). The median age was 36 years, the median CD4 T\u2010cell count at GCC diagnosis was 420 cells\/\u00b5L, and 77% of the patients on cART had an HIV RNA load &lt; 500 copies\/mL. Stage I disease was found in 44 of 79 gonadal GCCs (56%). Among 45 cases with primary disseminated GCC, 78%, 18%, and 4% were assigned to the good\u2010, intermediate\u2010, and poor\u2010prognosis groups, respectively, of the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group. Relapses occurred in 14 patients. Overall, 12 of 89 patients (13%) died. The causes of death were refractory GCC (n = 5), an AIDS\u2010defining illness (n = 3), and other causes (n = 4). After a median follow\u2010up of 6.5 years, the 5\u2010 and 10\u2010year PFS rates were 81% and 73%, respectively, and the 5\u2010 and 10\u2010year OS rates were 91% and 85%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 5\u2010 and 10\u2010year PFS and OS rates of men with HIV\u2010GCC were similar to those reported for men with HIV\u2010negative GCC. Patients with HIV\u2010GCC should be managed identically to HIV\u2010negative patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Men living with HIV are at increased risk for germ cell cancer (GCC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Previous studies have shown that the survival of men with HIV\u2010associated germ cell cancer (HIV\u2010GCC) is poorer than the survival of their HIV\u2010negative counterparts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>This study examined the characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of 89 men with HIV\u2010GCC in the era of effective combination antiretroviral therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The long\u2010term outcomes of men with HIV\u2010GCC were similar to those reported for men with HIV\u2010negative GCC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Patients with HIV\u2010GCC should be managed identically to HIV\u2010negative patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T18:30:18Z","timestamp":1633026618000},"page":"260-268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Outcomes of men with HIV and germ cell cancer: Results from an international collaborative study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5622-348X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus Ulrich","family":"Hentrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology Red Cross Hospital University of Munich Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Bower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for HIV Malignancy Chelsea 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