{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:43:20Z","timestamp":1792194200447,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Germline risk assessment is increasing as part of cancer care; however, disparities in subsequent genetic counseling are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pan\u2010cancer patients were prospectively consented to tumor\u2010normal sequencing via custom next generation sequencing panel (Memorial Sloan Kettering\u2010Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets) inclusive of germline analysis of \u226576 genes from January 2015 through December 2019 (97.5% research nonbillable) with protocol for genetics referral. Rates of pathogenic\/likely pathogenic germline variants (PVs) and downstream counseling were compared across ancestry groups (mutually exclusive groups based on self\u2010reported race\/ethnicity and Ashkenazi Jewish [AJ] heritage) using nonparametric tests and multivariable logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 15,775 patients (59.6%, non\u2010Hispanic [NH]\u2010White; 15.7%, AJ; 20.5%, non\u2010White [6.9%, Asian; 6.8%, Black\/African American (AA); 6.7%, Hispanic; 0.1%, Other], and 4.2%, unknown), 2663 (17%) had a PV. Non\u2010White patients had a lower PV rate (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0433, 13.4%) compared to NH\u2010Whites (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01451, 15.4%) and AJ patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0683, 27.6%),\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.01, with differences in mostly moderate and low\/recessive\/uncertain penetrance variants\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Among 2239 patients with new PV, 1652 (73.8%) completed recommended genetic counseling. Non\u2010White patients had lower rates of genetic counseling (67.7%) than NH\u2010White (73.7%) and AJ patients (78.8%),\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.01, with lower rates occurring in Black\/AA (63%) compared to NH\u2010White patients, even after adjustment for confounders (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.37\u20130.97;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.036). Non\u2010White, particularly Black\/AA and Asian, probands had a trend toward lower rates and numbers of at\u2010risk family members being seen for counseling\/genetic testing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite minimizing barriers to genetic testing, non\u2010White patients were less likely to receive recommended cancer genetics follow\u2010up, with potential implications for oncologic care, cancer risk reduction, and at\u2010risk family members.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Lay summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Genetic testing is becoming an important part of cancer care, and we wanted to see if genetics care was different between individuals of different backgrounds.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We studied 15,775 diverse patients with cancer who had genetic testing using a test called MSK\u2010IMPACT that was covered by research funding.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Clinically important genetic findings were high in all groups.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>However, Black patients were less likely to get recommended counseling compared to White patients.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Even after removing many roadblocks, non\u2010White and especially Black patients were less likely to get recommended genetics care, which may affect their cancer treatments and families.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.34434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T17:44:41Z","timestamp":1661881481000},"page":"3870-3879","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Disparities in cancer genetics care by race\/ethnicity among pan\u2010cancer patients with pathogenic germline variants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5790-851X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying L.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical 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