{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T14:41:07Z","timestamp":1788014467648,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["v203477\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["v203477\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19CA148065\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19CA148065\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018956","name":"NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR203312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018956","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C1287\/A10710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C1287\/A10710"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C490\/A10124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C490\/A10124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C490\/A16561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C490\/A16561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPRPGM\u2010Nov20\\100002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPRPGM\u2010Nov20\\100002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genetic, lifestyle, reproductive, and anthropometric factors are associated with the risk of developing breast cancer. However, it is not yet known whether polygenic risk score (PRS) and absolute risk based on a combination of risk factors are associated with the risk of progression of breast cancer. This study aims to estimate the distribution of sojourn time (pre\u2010clinical screen\u2010detectable period) and mammographic sensitivity by absolute breast cancer risk derived from polygenic pro\ufb01le and the other risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors used data from a population\u2010based case\u2010control study. Six categories of 10\u2010year absolute risk based on different combinations of risk factors were derived using the Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm. Women were classi\ufb01ed into low, medium, and high\u2010risk groups. The authors constructed a continuous\u2010time multistate model. To calculate the sojourn time, they simulated the trajectories of subjects through the disease states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was little di\ufb00erence in sojourn time with a large overlap in the 95% con\ufb01dence interval (CI) between the risk groups across the six risk categories and PRS studied. However, the age of entry into the screen\u2010detectable state varied by risk category, with the mean age of entry of 53.4\u00a0years (95% CI, 52.2\u201354.1) and 57.0\u00a0years (95% CI, 55.1\u201357.7) in the high\u2010risk and low\u2010risk women, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In risk\u2010strati\ufb01ed breast screening, the age at the start of screening, but not necessarily the frequency of screening, should be tailored to a woman\u2019s risk level. The optimal risk\u2010strati\ufb01ed screening strategy that would improve the bene\ufb01t\u2010to\u2010harm balance and the cost\u2010e\ufb00ectiveness of the screening programs needs to be studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T08:40:00Z","timestamp":1704357600000},"page":"1590-1599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Estimation of age of onset and progression of breast cancer by absolute risk dependent on polygenic risk score and other risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3924-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikesh","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Health Research University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ardo","family":"van den Hout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistical Science University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonis C.","family":"Antoniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitul","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Ficorella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Steggall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Cardi\ufb00 University  Cardi\ufb00 UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas F.","family":"Easton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D. P.","family":"Pharoah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"},{"name":"Department of Computational Biomedicine Cedars Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0843-2468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora","family":"Pashayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Health Research University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61611-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Breast Cancer Now.Facts and statistics 2023;2023. Accessed September 13 2023.https:\/\/breastcancernow.org\/about\u2010us\/media\/facts\u2010%20statistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Cancer Research UK.Cancer statistics explained;2023.Accessed September 21 2023.https:\/\/www.cancerresearchuk.org\/health\u2010professional\/cancer\u2010statistics\/cancer\u2010stats\u2010explained"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"Public Health England.Breast screening: reporting classi\ufb01cation and monitoring of interval cancers and cancers following previous assessment;2021. Accessed September 21 2023.https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/breast\u2010screening\u2010interval\u2010cancers\/breast\u2010screening\u2010reporting\u2010classification\u2010and\u2010monitoring\u2010of\u2010interval\u2010cancers\u2010and\u2010cancers\u2010following\u2010previous\u2010assessment"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571\u2010020\u20100388\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086858"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16\u20100476"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.1901"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaa127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2018.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604973"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"O\ufb03ce of National Statistics.England population mid\u2010year estimate;2019. Accessed December 6 2021.https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/populationandmigration\/populationestimates\/datasets\/populationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436\u2010018\u20100406\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2018.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.8998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/jms.2010.009060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Multistate Survival Models for Interval\u2010Censored Data","author":"Hout A","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2022008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/m21\u20103577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097\u20100142(19950515)75:10<2507::aid\u2010cncr2820751017>3.0.co;2\u2010h"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr3427"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969141318814869"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33704"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu565"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.22.01978"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2582"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","first-page":"497","article-title":"Breast cancer in young women: pathologic and immunohistochemical features","volume":"57","author":"Eri\u0107 I","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croat"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.35183","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T21:31:20Z","timestamp":1760304680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.35183"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.35183"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.35183","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}