{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T03:39:10Z","timestamp":1791689950880,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dietary intake influences gut microbiome composition, which in turn may be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Associations of the gut microbiome with colorectal carcinogenesis may be mediated through bacterially regulated, metabolically active metabolites, including trimethylamine N\u2010oxide (TMAO) and its precursors, choline, <jats:italic>L\u2010<\/jats:italic>carnitine, and betaine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective associations of circulating TMAO and its precursors with CRC risk were investigated. TMAO, choline, betaine, and <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\u2010carnitine were measured in baseline serum samples from 761 incident CRC cases and 1:1 individually matched controls in the prospective Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial Cohort using targeted fully quantitative liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry panels. Prospective associations of the metabolites with CRC risk, using multivariable conditional logistic regression, were measured. Associations of a priori\u2013selected dietary exposures with the four metabolites were also investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>TMAO and its precursors were not associated with CRC risk overall, but TMAO and choline were positively associated with higher risk for distal CRC (continuous OR<jats:sub>Q90 vs. Q10<\/jats:sub>\u00a0[95% CI] =\u00a01.90 [CI, 1.24\u20132.92; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.003] and 1.26 [1.17\u20131.36; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001], respectively). Conversely, choline was inversely associated with rectal cancer (OR<jats:sub>Q90 vs. Q10<\/jats:sub> [95% CI]\u00a0=\u00a00.77 [0.76\u20130.79; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001]). Red meat, which was previously associated with CRC risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial Cohort , was positively associated with TMAO (Spearman rho\u00a0=\u00a00.10; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum TMAO and choline may be associated with higher risk of distal CRC, and red meat may be positively associated with serum TMAO. These findings provide insight into a potential microbially mediated mechanism underlying CRC etiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T12:40:22Z","timestamp":1706532022000},"page":"1982-1990","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Associations of serum trimethylamine N\u2010oxide and its precursors with colorectal cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4275-7901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doratha A.","family":"Byrd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Program Department of Population Sciences H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Semi","family":"Zouiouich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smriti","family":"Karwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinmin S.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular &amp; Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6455-8228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeneng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular &amp; Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua N.","family":"Sampson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erikka","family":"Loftfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4440-3368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen\u2010Yi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley L.","family":"Hazen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular &amp; Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Cancer facts & figures 2018","author":"American Cancer Society","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.06.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25973"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2016.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.r700019\u2010jlr200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743\u20107075\u20107\u201030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13959"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09922"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.99096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008\u20105472.can\u201014\u20101835"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055\u20109965.epi\u201016\u20100948"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488711003150928130654"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002\u20108223(95)00217\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114416"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195122978.003.06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2014.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31612"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20667"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"YangS DaiH LuY LiR GaoC PanS.Trimethylamine N\u2010oxide promotes cell proliferation and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. 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