{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:08:25Z","timestamp":1791302905406,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) might contribute to childhood cancer survivor\u2019s excess risk of cardiovascular disease, the authors assessed the prevalence and determinants of MetS in the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (DCCSS\u2010LATER2) cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 2338 adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) were cross\u2010sectionally assessed for the prevalence of MetS, using the Lifelines cohort (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0132,226 adults without a history of cancer) as references. The prevalence of MetS was clinically assessed using existing classifications, as well as an alternative method using dual\u2010energy x\u2010ray absorptiometry fat% instead of waist circumference to define abdominal adiposity. Logistic regression models, adjusted for age and sex, were used to investigate the association between the presence of MetS and both cohorts. Demographic, lifestyle, and treatment determinants of MetS were identified through multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The survivor cohort (median age, 34.7 years, median follow\u2010up time, 27.1 years) showed increased adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for MetS (modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria), as compared to the reference cohort (aOR, 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.85\u20132.32). Compared to these criteria, the alternative method identified 57 additional survivors with MetS (395 of 2070 [19.1%] vs. 452 of 1960 [23.1%], respectively). Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04\u20131.10, per year increase), smoking (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.04\u20132.04), low physical activity (OR,\u00a01.48; 95% CI,\u00a01.05\u20132.09), abdominal radiotherapy (OR,\u00a02.13; 95% CI,\u00a01.01\u20134.31; &gt;30 Gy), cranial radiotherapy (OR,\u00a02.89; 95% CI,\u00a01.67\u20134.96; 1\u201325 Gy; and OR,\u00a02.44; 95% CI,\u00a01.30\u20134.47; &gt;25 Gy), total body irradiation (OR,\u00a06.17; 95% CI,\u00a03.20\u201311.76), and underlying central nervous system tumor (OR,\u00a01.78; 95% CI,\u00a01.21\u20132.60) were associated with MetS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The high risk of MetS in CCS, combined with several potential modifiable factors, underscores the need for timely identification and intervention strategies to mitigate the long\u2010term cardiovascular risks in CCS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:55:03Z","timestamp":1735865703000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prevalence and determinants of metabolic syndrome in 2338 childhood cancer survivors: A Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor LATER 2 study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6334-0593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Bolier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology Section Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demi T.C.","family":"de Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima 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Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorine","family":"Bresters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eline","family":"van Dulmen\u2010den Broeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Cancer Center Amsterdam Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margriet","family":"van der Heiden\u2010van der Loo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imo","family":"H\u00f6fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Diagnostic Laboratory University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert O.","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leontien C.M.","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oncology Emma Children\u2019s Hospital\/Amsterdam UMC  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline J.","family":"Loonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marloes","family":"Louwerens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heleen J.","family":"van der Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saskia M.F.","family":"Pluijm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim J.E.","family":"Tissing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanneke M.","family":"van Santen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology Wilhelmina Children\u2019s Hospital University Medical Center  Utrecht Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrica C.H.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology  Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital\/Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aart\u2010Jan","family":"van der Lely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology Section Erasmus Medical Center  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