{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:50:04Z","timestamp":1788922204784,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of opioids and its benefits and harms among cancer survivors are poorly understood. The authors examined opioid use and related outcomes among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors after cancer treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors identified 2\u2010year cancer survivors diagnosed between 15 to 39 years of age at Kaiser Permanente Southern California (2000\u20132012, followed through 2019). Individuals without cancer were matched to survivors on age, sex, and calendar year for comparison. The authors used robust Poisson regression to compare long\u2010term (\u226590 days) opioid use during follow\u2010up and Fine\u2010Gray hazard models to compare incident long\u2010term high\u2010dose use (\u226550 morphine milligram equivalents daily dose \u226590 days), benzodiazepine co\u2010use, opioid use disorder (OUD), opioid overdose, and opioid\u2010related hospitalization. We also restricted analyses to individuals on long\u2010term opioid therapy, and evaluated risk factors for opioid\u2010related outcomes within cancer survivors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 5908 AYA cancer survivors and 81,833 noncancer individuals, 5.2% and 1.8% had long\u2010term opioid use during follow\u2010up, respectively (prevalence ratio\u00a0=\u00a01.8, 95% confidence interval, 1.6\u20132.0). Cancer survivors had higher incidence of long\u2010term high dose opioid use (hazard ratio [HR]\u00a0=\u00a02.2 [1.8\u20132.8]), benzodiazepine co\u2010use (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.4 [1.3\u20131.5]), and opioid\u2010related hospitalization (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.5 [1.1\u20132.2]) compared with noncancer individuals. Among those on long\u2010term opioid therapy, cancer survivors had elevated risk for long\u2010term high dose use (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.4 [1.1\u20131.8]) and benzodiazepine co\u2010use (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.6 [1.2\u20132.1]), but lower OUD risk (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.6 [0.4\u20130.9]). Opioid use during cancer treatment phase most strongly predicted long\u2010term high dose use and OUD\/overdose during survivorship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings call for risk\u2010stratified patient monitoring and better understanding of the differential OUD risk in AYA cancer survivors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T13:39:57Z","timestamp":1747143597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chronic opioid use and incident opioid use disorders in survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer after cancer treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6072-4954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun R.","family":"Chao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6491-7745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dov M.","family":"Shalman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric, Palliative, and Continuing Care Los Angeles Medical Center Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Pak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2604-8603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saro","family":"Armenian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics City of Hope  Duarte California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanfang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MedHealth Statistical Consulting Inc  Sugarland Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5874-190X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rulin C.","family":"Hechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. 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