{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:11:48Z","timestamp":1770822708846,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,30]],"date-time":"2013-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> is an antibody cocktail targeting the expression of topoisomerase II\u03b1 and minichromosome maintenance protein\u20102. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> staining is being used to assist in diagnoses of the gynecological specimens. This study was designed to determine the utility of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> in urine cytology samples for improving the detection of urothelial carcinomas where a significant number of urine cytology specimens are diagnosed as \u201catypia.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty urinary specimens (12 negative, 13 positive, and 35 atypical cases) were stained with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> results were recorded as positive when nuclear staining was only seen in at least one morphologically atypical urothelial cell.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>All 12 benign cytology samples showed negative staining with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>. Twelve of 13 cases that had a malignant cytologic diagnosis showed a positive nuclear staining of the malignant cells. Eighteen of 35 cases with atypical cytologic diagnoses showed positive nuclear staining. Of the 35 cases with \u201catypia,\u201d 17 had a malignant histopathologic follow\u2010up. In this study, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> stain had an overall sensitivity of 78.4%, specificity of 95.7%%, positive predictive value of 96.7%, and negative predictive value of 73.3% for the detection of urothelial carcinoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> stain is a useful adjunct test to urine cytologic analysis, even in specimens with limited cellularity. In urinary smears, this test is most useful in stratification of the \u201catypical\u201d diagnoses into benign and malignant subsets. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ProEx<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> application in urine cytology as an adjunct marker for detection of urothelial carcinoma. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013;121:320\u20138. \u00a9 2013 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,30]],"date-time":"2013-01-30T09:15:05Z","timestamp":1359537305000},"page":"320-328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<scp>ProEx<\/scp><scp>C<\/scp> as an adjunct marker to improve cytological detection of urothelial carcinoma in urinary specimens"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Neda A.","family":"Moatamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Yu","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los 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