{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:46:35Z","timestamp":1772120795685,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]],"date-time":"2015-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fine\u2010needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of serous membrane effusions may fulfil a challenging role in the diagnostic analysis of both primary and metastatic disease. From this perspective, liquid\u2010based cytology (LBC) represents a feasible and reliable method for empowering the performance of ancillary techniques (ie, immunocytochemistry and molecular testing) with high diagnostic accuracy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 3171 LBC pleural and pericardic effusions were appraised between January 2000 and December 2013. They were classified as negative for malignancy (NM), suspicious for malignancy (SM), or positive for malignancy (PM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cytologic diagnoses included 2721 NM effusions (2505 pleural and 216 pericardic), 104 SM effusions (93 pleural and 11 pericardic), and 346 PM effusions (321 pleural and 25 pericardic). The malignant pleural series included 76 unknown malignancies (36 SM and 40 PM effusions), 174 metastatic lesions (85 SM and 89 PM effusions), 14 lymphomas (3 SM and 11 PM effusions), 16 mesotheliomas (5 SM and 11 SM effusions), and 3 myelomas (all SM effusions). The malignant pericardic category included 20 unknown malignancies (5 SM and 15 PM effusions), 15 metastatic lesions (1 SM and 14 PM effusions), and 1 lymphoma (1 PM effusion). There were 411 conclusive immunocytochemical analyses and 47 molecular analyses, and the authors documented 88% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 98% diagnostic accuracy, 98% negative predictive value, and 100% positive predictive value for FNAC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>FNAC represents a primary diagnostic tool for effusions and a reliable approach with which to determine the correct follow\u2010up. Furthermore, LBC is useful for ancillary techniques, such as immunocytochemistry and molecular analysis, with feasible diagnostic and predictive utility. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol)<\/jats:italic> 2015;123:258\u2013266.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 <jats:italic>2015 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]],"date-time":"2015-01-14T19:53:27Z","timestamp":1421265207000},"page":"258-266","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["The role of liquid\u2010based cytology and ancillary techniques in pleural and pericardic effusions: An institutional experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Esther Diana","family":"Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology \u201cAgostino Gemelli\u201d School of Medicine, Sacred Heart Catholic University Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Bizzarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology \u201cAgostino Gemelli\u201d School of Medicine, Sacred Heart Catholic University Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Health  Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adhemar","family":"Longatto\u2010Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation Department of Pathology University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine Sao Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga Portugal"},{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute\/3B's Research Group, Portugal Government Associate Laboratory Braga\/Guimaraes Portugal"},{"name":"Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII Foundation Barretos Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.23041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.10219"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20698"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0339(199808)19:2<131::AID-DC14>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpdhp.2008.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0339(199801)18:1<24::AID-DC5>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2303.2009.00659.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000326453"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21489"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.10039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Diagnostic value of claudin\u20104 marker in pleural and peritoneal effusion cytology: does it differentiate between metastatic adenocarcinoma and reactive mesothelial cells [serial online]","volume":"18","author":"Afshar\u2010Moghaddam N","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcu130"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2006.044347"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"304","article-title":"Immunocytochemical staining on ThinPrep processed smears","volume":"9","author":"Leung SW","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0339(199711)17:5<388::AID-DC14>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCP83ADULCXMAIX"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.111.1.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/104.2.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200308000-00001","article-title":"The immunohistochemical diagnosis of mesothelioma: a comparative study of epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"27","author":"Ordones NG","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"711","article-title":"Cytogenetic analysis of effusions from malignant mesothelioma. 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