{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:31:20Z","timestamp":1790796680310,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Programmed death\u2010ligand 1 (PD\u2010L1) expression is emerging as an important predictive biomarker in anti\u2013PD\u2010L1 cancer immunotherapy. Its role has been clearly defined in various human cancers and is linked to a poor prognosis and resistance to anticancer therapies. The role of PD\u2010L1 in thyroid cancers has not been well defined in fine\u2010needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The authors examined the performance of PD\u2010L1 immunostaining in liquid\u2010based cytology (LBC) to determine whether it could be a biomarker of malignancy or aggressive disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From January 2018 to March 2019, 236 thyroid lesions, which had been diagnosed by FNAC as indeterminate lesions, suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant, were enrolled. PD\u2010L1 immunostaining was performed on both LBC and corresponding histology samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The FNAC cohort included 50 benign negative controls, 42 samples of atypia of undetermined significance\/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS\/FLUS), 33 samples of follicular neoplasm\/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN\/SFN), 53 samples that were suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and 58 malignant samples. AUS\/FLUS samples included 3 goiters, 32 follicular adenomas (FAs), 1 noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary\u2010like nuclear features (NIFTP), 5 invasive follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (I\u2010FVPTCs), and 1 follicular carcinoma; whereas FN\/SFN samples included 24 FAs and 9 malignancies (4 I\u2010FVPTCs, 1 NIFTP, 3 papillary thyroid carcinomas [PTCs], and 1 oncocytic follicular carcinoma). The 53 SFM samples were diagnosed on histopathology as 2 FAs, 5 NIFTPs, 15 I\u2010FVPTCs, and 31 PTCs; whereas the 58 malignant specimens included 5 NIFTPs, 5 I\u2010FVPTCs, and 48 PTCs. Increased plasma membrane and cytoplasmic PD\u2010L1 expression was found in 79 cases (38.5%), including 61 PTCs (conventional and variants). Negative PD\u2010L1 expression was found in NIFTPs and FAs. A <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic> V600E mutation was identified in 15% of PD\u2010L1\u2013positive malignancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current data suggest that PD\u2010L1 expression in the thyroid gland might represent a marker of malignancy that correlates with PTC, but not with NIFTP. Thyroid neoplasms with PD\u2010L1 expression also ae enriched with <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic> V600E mutations, suggesting that they are associated with more aggressive behavior.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T11:12:08Z","timestamp":1575976328000},"page":"177-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["PD\u2010L1 and thyroid cytology: A possible diagnostic and prognostic marker"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Dell\u2019Aquila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cAgostino Gemelli\u201d IRCCS Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Granitto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic 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