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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of HR\u2010HPV testing based on self\u2010collection (SC) and HR\u2010HPV testing based on collection by a health professional (HP) and to assess the potential usefulness of HR\u2010HPV testing combined with testing with the biomarkers p16\/Ki\u201067, \u03b1\u2010mannosidase, and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional study of 232 women admitted for colposcopy because of an abnormal Papanicolaou smear. The collected material underwent liquid\u2010based cytology, HR\u2010HPV detection, and immunocytochemical testing (p16\/Ki\u201067, \u03b1\u2010mannosidase, and SOD2). The gold standard was the histopathological result; the positive reference was CIN2+.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall accuracy of HR\u2010HPV testing was 76.6%; the results for the SC group (78.1%) and the HP group (75.2%) were similar. The positive predictive values (HP, 76.5%; SC, 80.0%), the negative predictive values (HP, 66.7%; SC, 64.3%), the positive likelihood values (HP, 1.35; SC, 1.36), and the negative likelihood values (HP, 0.21; SC, 0.19) were also similar. p16\/Ki\u201067 showed higher sensitivity than the other 2 biomarkers: 78.1% versus 45.8% for \u03b1\u2010mannosidase and 44.5% for SOD2. The specificities of the biomarkers were equivalent: 71.4% for p16\/Ki\u201067, 77.8% for \u03b1\u2010mannosidase, and 71.2% for SOD2. In the HP group, accuracy also leaned more heavily toward the final score (using \u03b1\u2010mannosidase and SOD2) without statistical significance (80.8% vs 77.9%). The contrast with the SC group yielded the same level of accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SC, when associated with testing with biomarkers, is as accurate as collection by HPs in the detection of women at risk for cervical cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T09:00:33Z","timestamp":1628586033000},"page":"41-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A positive HPV test with positive p16\/Ki\u201067 double staining in self\u2010sampled vaginal material is an accurate tool to detect women at risk for cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8144-1745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noely P. C.","family":"Lorenzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Disciplina de Ginecologia Departamento de Obstetricia e Ginecologia Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Ginecologia Hospital Universitario Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3588-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara","family":"Termini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology Instituto do C\u00e2ncer do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0017-3273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edson S.","family":"Ferreira\u2010Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disciplina de Ginecologia Departamento de Obstetricia e Ginecologia Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Divisao de Cl\u00ednica Ginecologica Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaella A. L.","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology Instituto do C\u00e2ncer do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela A. F.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology Instituto do C\u00e2ncer do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana P.","family":"Lepique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adhemar","family":"Longatto\u2010Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology Research Center Barretos Cancer Hospital\/Pio XII Foundation S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Medical Laboratory of Medical Investigation 14 Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo 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