{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:42:05Z","timestamp":1760316125932,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shed into blood provide prognostic and\/or predictive information. Previously, the authors established an assay to detect carcinoma cells from pleural fluid, termed effusion tumor cells (ETCs), by employing an immunofluorescence\u2010based CTC\u2010identification platform (RareCyte) on air\u2010dried unstained ThinPrep (TP) slides. To facilitate clinical integration, they evaluated different slide processing and storage conditions, hypothesizing that alternative comparable conditions for ETC detection exist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors enumerated ETCs on RareCyte, using morphology and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) cutoffs of &gt;100 arbitrary units (a.u.) for epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and &lt;100 a.u. for CD45. They analyzed malignant pleural fluid from three patients under seven processing and\/or staining conditions, three patients after short\u2010term storage under three conditions, and seven samples following long\u2010term storage at \u201380\u00b0C. MFI values of 4\u2032,6\u2010diamidino\u20102\u2010phenylindol, cytokeratin, CD45, and EpCAM were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ETCs were detected in all conditions. Among the different processing conditions tested, the ethanol\u2010fixed, unstained TP was most similar to the previously established air\u2010dried, unstained TP protocol. All smears and Pap\u2010stained TPs had significantly different marker MFIs from the established condition. After short\u2010term storage, the established condition showed comparable results, but ethanol\u2010fixed and Pap\u2010stained slides showed significant differences. ETCs were detectable after long\u2010term storage at \u201380\u00b0C in comparable numbers to freshly prepared slides, but most marker MFIs were significantly different.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is possible to detect ETCs under different processing and storage conditions, lending promise to the application of this method in broader settings. Because of decreased immunofluorescence\u2010signature distinctions between cells, morphology may need to play a larger role.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T12:44:00Z","timestamp":1708346640000},"page":"297-308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of effusion tumor cells under different storage and processing conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1554-2502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diane M.","family":"Libert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5729-9881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yili","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aihui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace M.","family":"Allard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3235-9013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alarice","family":"Cheng\u2010Yi Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935\u2010019\u20101067\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa040766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2007.15.8923"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pap.0000000000000217"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.tps1146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078\u20100432.ccr\u201015\u20101031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101198"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9839"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2020.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33393"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molonc.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.23619"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885\u2010015\u20101383\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqac040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbr.2014.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"533","article-title":"The value of multiple preparations in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions. 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