{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:59:27Z","timestamp":1791219567449,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,31]],"date-time":"2002-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1012435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main source of excitatory drive to the sympathetic preganglionic neurons that control blood pressure is from neurons located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). This monosynaptic input includes adrenergic (C1), peptidergic, and noncatecholaminergic neurons. Some of the cells in this pathway are suspected to be glutamatergic, but conclusive evidence is lacking. In the present study we sought to determine whether these presympathetic neurons express the vesicular glutamate transporter BNPI\/VGLUT1 or the closely related gene DNPI, the rat homolog of the mouse vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT2. Both BNPI\/VGLUT1 and DNPI\/VGLUT2 mRNAs were detected in the medulla oblongata by in situ hybridization, but only DNPI\/VGLUT2 mRNA was present in the RVLM. Moreover, BNPI immunoreactivity was absent from the thoracic spinal cord lateral horn. DNPI\/VGLUT2 mRNA was present in many medullary cells retrogradely labeled with Fluoro\u2010Gold from the spinal cord (T2; four rats). Within the RVLM, 79% of the bulbospinal C1 cells contained DNPI\/VGLUT2 mRNA. Bulbospinal noradrenergic A5 neurons did not contain DNPI\/VGLUT2 mRNA. The RVLM of six unanesthetized rats subjected to 2 hours of hydralazine\u2010induced hypotension contained tenfold more c\u2010Fos\u2010ir DNPI\/VGLUT2 neurons than that of six saline\u2010treated controls. c\u2010Fos\u2010ir DNPI\/VGLUT2 neurons included C1 and non\u2010C1 neurons (3:2 ratio). In seven barbiturate\u2010anesthetized rats, 16 vasomotor presympathetic neurons were filled with biotinamide and analyzed for the presence of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and\/or DNPI\/VGLUT2 mRNA. Biotinamide\u2010labeled neurons included C1 and non\u2010C1 cells. Most non\u2010C1 (9\/10) and C1 presympathetic cells (5\/6) contained DNPI\/VGLUT2 mRNA. In conclusion, DNPI\/VGLUT2 is expressed by most blood pressure\u2010regulating presympathetic cells of the RVLM. The data suggest that these neurons may be glutamatergic and that the C1 adrenergic phenotype is one of several secondary phenotypes that are differentially expressed by subgroups of these cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 444:207\u2013220, 2002. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,6]],"date-time":"2002-10-06T11:25:48Z","timestamp":1033903548000},"page":"207-220","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":169,"title":["Vesicular glutamate transporter DNPI\/VGLUT2 is expressed by both C1 adrenergic and nonaminergic presympathetic vasomotor neurons of the rat medulla"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"444","author":[{"given":"Ruth L.","family":"Stornetta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles P.","family":"Sevigny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"Schreihofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane 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