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Thalamocortical synapses were labeled by lesion\u2010induced degeneration in adult (postnatal day 60) mice subjected to whisker trimming from birth, other synaptic types were unlabeled. Brains were processed for electron microscopy, and numerical densities of synapses were evaluated by using stereologic approaches for whisker trimmed vs. control animals. Results demonstrated no change in nonthalamic, asymmetrical synapses; however, a decrease of 52% in the numerical density of symmetrical synapses (46.3 vs. 88.5 million per mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>; Z = \u22122.121; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and a decrease of 43% in the numerical density of thalamocortical synapses (57.5 vs. 102.33 million per mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>; Z = \u22122.121; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) were observed after deprivation. Thus, experience\u2010dependent plasticity of receptive fields in barrel cortex involves directly axons of both extrinsic and intracortical origin. The proportion of thalamocortical axospinous to axodendritic synapses was the same in control vs. deprived animals: in each instance, 80% of the synapses were axospinous (Z = 0.85; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.2). These results suggest that neither excitatory neurons, whose thalamocortical synapses are primarily axospinous, nor inhibitory neurons, whose thalamocortical synapses are mainly axodendritic (White [1989] Cortical Circuits. Synaptic Organization of the Cerebral Cortex; Structure, Function, and Theory. 1989; Boston: Birkhauser), are affected preferentially by the deprivation\u2010associated decrease in thalamocortical synapses. J. Comp. Neurol. 457:75\u201386, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,23]],"date-time":"2003-01-23T13:55:09Z","timestamp":1043330109000},"page":"75-86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Changes in mouse barrel synapses consequent to sensory deprivation from birth"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"457","author":[{"given":"Yair","family":"Sadaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Weinfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dmitri L.","family":"Lev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward 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