{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T11:54:21Z","timestamp":1778500461142,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,30]],"date-time":"2003-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>GAP\u201043 has been implicated in axonal pathfinding and sprouting, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmitter release. However, its effect on cortical development in vivo is poorly understood. We have previously shown that GAP\u201043 knockout (\u2212\/\u2212) mice fail to develop whisker\u2010related barrels or an ordered whisker map in the cortex. Here we used cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemistry to demonstrate that GAP\u201043 heterozygous (+\/\u2212) mice develop larger than normal barrels at postnatal day 7 (P7), despite normal body and brain weight. Using serotonin transporter (5HT\u2010T) histochemistry to label thalamocortical afferents (TCAs), we found no obvious abnormalities in other somatosensory areas or primary visual cortex of GAP\u201043 (+\/\u2212) mice. However, TCA projections to (+\/\u2212) primary auditory cortex were not as clearly defined. To clarify the mechanism underlying the large\u2010barrel phenotype, we used lipophilic (DiI) axon labeling. We found evidence for multiple pathfinding abnormalities among GAP\u201043 (+\/\u2212) TCAs. These axons show increased fasciculation within the internal capsule, as well as abnormal turning and branching in the subcortical white matter. These pathfinding errors most likely reflect failures of signal recognition and\/or transduction by ingrowing TCAs. In addition, many DiI\u2010labeled (+\/\u2212) TCAs exhibit widespread, sparsely branched terminal arbors in layer IV, reflecting the large\u2010barrel phenotype. They also resemble those found in rat barrel cortex deprived of whisker inputs from birth, suggesting a failure of activity\u2010dependent synaptogenesis and\/or synaptic stabilization in (+\/\u2212) cortex. Our findings suggest that reduced GAP\u201043 expression can alter the fine\u2010tuning of a cortical map through a combination of pathfinding and synaptic plasticity mechanisms. J. Comp. Neurol. 462:252\u2013264, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,3]],"date-time":"2003-06-03T10:08:03Z","timestamp":1054634883000},"page":"252-264","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Abnormal thalamocortical pathfinding and terminal arbors lead to enlarged barrels in neonatal GAP\u201043 heterozygous mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"462","author":[{"given":"Vera A.","family":"McIlvain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas R.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret M.","family":"Maimone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James 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