{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T21:10:22Z","timestamp":1700255422720},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,12]],"date-time":"2003-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1068595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of the EphA family of receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands, ephrin\u2010A2 and \u2010A5, in the development of the temporonasal axis of the retinotectal\/collicular map, but the role of these molecules in optic nerve regeneration has not been well studied. Noting that the characteristic gradients of the EphA\/ephrin\u2010A family that are expressed topographically in the retina and tectum of embryonic chicks and mice tend to disappear after birth, we took as our starting point an analysis of EphA and ephrin\u2010A expression in leopard frogs (<jats:italic>Rana pipiens<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>utricularia<\/jats:italic>), species capable of regenerating the retinotectal map as adults. For the EphA family to be involved in the regeneration, one would expect these topographic gradients to persist in the adult or, if downregulated after metamorphosis, to be reexpressed after optic nerve injury. Using EphA3 receptor and ephrin\u2010A5 ligand alkaline phosphatase in situ affinity probes (RAP and LAP, respectively) in whole\u2010mount applications, we report that reciprocally complementary gradients of RAP and LAP binding persist in the optic tract and optic tectum of postmetamorphic frogs, including mature adults. EphA expression in temporal retinal axons in the optic tract was significantly reduced after nerve section but returned during regeneration. However, ephrin\u2010A expression in the tectal parenchyma was not significantly elevated by either eye removal, with degeneration of optic axons, or during regeneration of the retinotectal projection. Thus, the present study has demonstrated a persisting expression of EphA\/ephrin\u2010A family members in the retinal axons and tectal parenchyma that may help guide regenerating fibers, but we can offer no evidence for an upregulation of ephrin\u2010A expression in conjunction with optic nerve injury. J. Comp. Neurol. 467:549\u2013565, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,13]],"date-time":"2003-11-13T14:10:31Z","timestamp":1068732631000},"page":"549-565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Persistence of graded EphA\/Ephrin\u2010A expression in the adult frog visual system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"467","author":[{"given":"Helene","family":"Bach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Feldheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Flanagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Scalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(63)90093-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9861(20001120)427:3<469::AID-CNE12>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.3.655"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00012-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902610112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90408-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90426-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1997.8786","article-title":"Expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of Eph receptors suggest multiple mechanisms in patterning of the visual system","volume":"193","author":"Conner RJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90425-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(20000110)416:2<188::AID-CNE5>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80650-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81060-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.21.1.309"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(00)27277-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80452-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)90096-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80276-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"The diencephalic course of regenerating retinotectal fibers in Xenopus tadpoles","volume":"44","author":"Gaze RM","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Embryol Exp Morphol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901790303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(68)90041-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80732-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901760303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(74)90608-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)02093-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Efferent pathways of the optic tectum in the frog","volume":"20","author":"Lazar G","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Biol Acad Sci Hung"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"The projection of the retinal quadrants onto the optic centers in the frog. 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