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This study focuses on the expression of the neuropoietic cytokines leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and its receptor (LIFR) and interleukin 6 (IL\u20106) and its receptor (IL\u20106R) in intercellular signaling pathways in the olfactory mucosa after target ablation. Olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) resulted in several transient, early\u2010onset, temporally integrated events that were detected immunohistochemically. Macrophages infiltrated the olfactory epithelium (OE) by 16 hours post\u2010OBX. LIF expression was up\u2010regulated transiently at 2 days post\u2010OBX, when up\u2010regulated expression of LIFR also was detected on globose basal cells (GBCs), a subpopulation of which are immediate progenitors of olfactory receptor neurons. GBC proliferation peaked at 3\u20134 days post\u2010OBX. In the olfactory nerve (ON), LIF\u2010positive and IL\u20106\u2010positive macrophage infiltration was followed by the transient up\u2010regulation of expression of LIFR, IL\u20106, and IL\u20106R in ensheathing cells by 3 days post\u2010OBX. The mRNAs for LIF\/LIFR, IL\u20106\/IL\u20106R, and their common signal\u2010transduction molecule, gp130, in olfactory\u2010nasal mucosa from control mice and from 3\u2010day post\u2010OBX mice were detected with reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR). Analysis of Northern blot and relative quantitative RT\u2010PCR demonstrated similar temporal patterns of changes in relative mRNA levels for both LIF and IL\u20106, which were up\u2010regulated by 16 hours post\u2010OBX and peaked at 2\u20133 days post\u2010OBX. These data indicate that LIF from infiltrating macrophages acts as a mitogen for GBCs and that LIF from infiltrating macrophages and IL\u20106 from infiltrating macrophages and ensheathing cells act as repair factors in the ON. J. Comp. Neurol. 435:60\u201377, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T22:08:54Z","timestamp":1030313334000},"page":"60-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Leukemia inhibitory factor, interleukin\u20106, and their receptors are expressed transiently in the olfactory mucosa after target ablation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"435","author":[{"given":"Bicheng","family":"Nan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn L.","family":"Getchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James V.","family":"Partin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas 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