{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T09:26:16Z","timestamp":1789723576409,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,29]],"date-time":"2001-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":991094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to plastic changes in organization that impact significantly on central nervous control of arterial pressure. SCI causes hypotension and autonomic dysreflexia, an episodic hypertension induced by spinal reflexes. Sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs) respond to SCI by retracting and then regrowing their dendrites within 2 weeks of injury. We examined changes in synaptic input to SPNs during this time by comparing the density and amino acid content of synaptic input to choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)\u2010immunoreactive SPNs in the eighth thoracic spinal cord segment (T8) in unoperated rats and in rats at 3 days or at 14 days after spinal cord transection at T4. Postembedding immunogold labeling demonstrated immunoreactivity for glutamate or \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid (GABA) within presynaptic profiles. We counted the number of presynaptic inputs to measured lengths of SPN somatic and dendritic membrane and identified the amino acid in each input. We also assessed gross changes in the morphology of SPNs using retrograde labeling with cholera toxin B and light microscopy to determine the structural changes that were present at the time of evaluation of synaptic density and amino acid content. At 3 days after SCI, we found that retrogradely labeled SPNs had shrunken somata and greatly shortened dendrites. Synaptic density (inputs per 10\u2010\u03bcm membrane) decreased on ChAT\u2010immunoreactive somata by 34% but increased on dendrites by 66%. Almost half of the inputs to SPNs lacked amino acids. By 14 days, the density of synaptic inputs to dendrites and somata decreased by 50% and 70%, respectively, concurrent with dendrite regrowth. The proportion of glutamatergic inputs to SPNs in spinal cord\u2010transected rats (\u224840%) was less than that in unoperated rats, whereas the GABAergic proportion (60\u201368%) increased. In summary, SPNs participate in vasomotor control after SCI despite profound denervation. An altered balance of excitatory and inhibitory inputs may explain injury\u2010induced hypotension. J. Comp. Neurol. 435:226\u2013240, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T20:40:11Z","timestamp":1030308011000},"page":"226-240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Changes in synaptic inputs to sympathetic preganglionic neurons after spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"435","author":[{"given":"Ida J.","family":"Llewellyn\u2010Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne C.","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1993.1138"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(96)10072-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(84)90122-5","article-title":"Spinal motoneuron dendritic alteration after spinal cord hemisection in rat","volume":"83","author":"Bernstein JJ","year":"1984","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(96)00599-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00262-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199108000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1994.74.2.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(80)90043-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"219","volume-title":"Handbook of physiology. 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