{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:30:05Z","timestamp":1791181805111,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,20]],"date-time":"2004-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1085011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding the factors that govern human forebrain regionalization along the dorsal\u2013ventral and left\u2013right (L\u2010R) axes is likely to be relevant to a wide variety of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric conditions. Recent work in lower vertebrates has identified several critical signaling molecules involved in embryonic patterning along these axes. Among these are the Wingless\u2010Int (WNT) proteins, involved in the formation of dorsal central nervous system (CNS) structures, as well as in visceral L\u2010R asymmetry. We examined the expression of <jats:italic>WNT2b<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>WNT7b<\/jats:italic> in the human brain, because these genes have highly distinctive expression patterns in the embryonic mouse forebrain. In the human fetal telencephalon, <jats:italic>WNT2b<\/jats:italic> expression appears to define the cortical hem, a dorsal signaling center previously characterized in mouse, which is also confirmed by BMP7 expression. In diencephalon, <jats:italic>WNT2b<\/jats:italic> expression is restricted to medial dorsal structures, including the developing pineal gland and habenular nucleus, both implicated in CNS L\u2010R asymmetry in lower organisms. At 5 weeks gestation, <jats:italic>WNT7b<\/jats:italic> is expressed in cerebral cortical and diencephalic progenitor cells. As the cortical plate develops, <jats:italic>WNT7b<\/jats:italic> expression shifts, demarcating deep layer neurons of the neocortex and the hippocampal formation. Spatial and temporal expression patterns show startling similarity between human and mouse, suggesting that the developmental roles of these WNT genes may be highly conserved, despite the far greater size and complexity of the human forebrain. J. Comp. Neurol. 474:276\u2013288, 2004. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,20]],"date-time":"2004-05-20T20:01:38Z","timestamp":1085083298000},"page":"276-288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Wnt genes define distinct boundaries in the developing human brain: Implications for human forebrain patterning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"474","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Abu\u2010Khalil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.A.","family":"Grove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Zecevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Geschwind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.5.889"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/316892"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.16.3567","article-title":"Multiple pathways in the midline regulate concordant brain, heart and gut left\u2010right asymmetry","volume":"127","author":"Bisgrove BW","year":"2000","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19960503)63:1<148::AID-AJMG26>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80685-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.11.24.3286"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199206253262612"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2779(2000)6:1<22::AID-MRDD4>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410010109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.7.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00437-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-14-05967.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","volume-title":"Le developpement du cerveau foetal humain: Atlas anatomique","author":"Feess\u2010Higgins A","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/9.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"116","article-title":"Wnt genes define sharp boundaries in the developing human brain","volume":"26","author":"Fu L","year":"2000","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abstr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"BMP expression in the developing human brain: implications for CNS axis formation","volume":"27","author":"Fu L","year":"2001","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abstr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1064252"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.11.2203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1197-305"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1985.04060050026008","article-title":"Cerebral lateralization. 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