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We further analyzed this structural functional relationship by comparing the developmental pattern of TNAP activity to the maturation of the thalamocortical afferents in the primate brain (<jats:italic>Callithrix jacchus<\/jats:italic>). Cortical expression of alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity reflects the sequential maturation of the modality\u2010specific sensory areas. Within the visual cortex, the regional and laminar distribution of AP correlates with the differential maturation of the magno\u2010 and parvocellular streams. AP activity, which is transiently expressed in the white matter, exhibits a complementary distributional pattern with myelin staining. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that AP activity is localized exclusively to the myelin\u2010free axonal segments, including the node of Ranvier. It was also found that AP activity is gradually expressed in parallel with the maturation of synaptic contacts in the neuropile. These data suggest the involvement of AP, in addition to neurotransmitter synthesis previously suggested in the adult, in synaptic stabilization and in myelin pattern formation and put forward a role of AP in cortical plasticity and brain disorders. J. Comp. Neurol. 486:179\u2013196, 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,20]],"date-time":"2005-04-20T18:17:17Z","timestamp":1114021037000},"page":"179-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Postnatal development of alkaline phosphatase activity correlates with the maturation of neurotransmission in the cerebral cortex"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"486","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Fonta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laszlo","family":"Negyessy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Renaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"231","volume-title":"Brain work and mental activity","author":"Bachevalier J","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-01-00168.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"2003 Shaker Verlag Aachen (Germany) Magdeburg Germany P Barone S Morau C Fonta E Budinger B Gaschler\u2010Markefski Postnatal angiogenesis in the auditory system of the monkey: comparison with the visual system"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)74407-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-07-02801.1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.7.644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.090034797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(98)00094-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523801183070"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4139-03.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018579912831"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095252380000883X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb28049.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(02)00307-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(99)00020-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.03-04-00673.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/12.2.199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19970922)386:2<260::AID-CNE7>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1999.tb05985.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19960819)372:2<264::AID-CNE8>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024190429920"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.1979.11739553"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00370-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(82)90146-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(85)90131-2","article-title":"Early postnatal development of the monkey visual system. 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