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By using electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction analysis, we have investigated the behavior of migratory glial cells along a particular type of autologous tissue\u2010engineered conduit made of a vein filled with fresh skeletal muscle, using the rat sciatic nerve model. With this particular type of autograft, our data show that many Schwann cells soon take up a close relationship with grafted muscle fibers, and especially with their basal lamina, which appears to serve as a migration pathway for them. The early and massive colonization of the conduit is sustained by both Schwann cell migration and proliferation, as demonstrated by PCNA immunostaining. Later, as they meet regenerating axons, Schwann cells become closely associated with them and eventually lose their connections with grafted muscle fibers because of the formation of perineurial envelopes. Because previous studies showed that \u03b1<jats:sub>2a\u20102b<\/jats:sub> NRG1 is overexpressed at early stages along the muscle\u2010vein combined tubes, we have also investigated mRNA expression of its two receptors, erbB2 and erbB3. Both messengers are overexpressed, although with different time courses. Overall, our results provide some morphological and biochemical bases for explaining the effectiveness of fresh muscle\u2010vein combined nerve guides and throw an interesting light on the possible role of \u03b1<jats:sub>2a\u20102b<\/jats:sub> NRG1 through the erbB2\/erbB3 heterodimer receptor for nerve regeneration inside non\u2010nervous conduits. J. Comp. Neurol. 489:249\u2013259, 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,27]],"date-time":"2005-06-27T21:19:00Z","timestamp":1119907140000},"page":"249-259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Schwann cell behavior after nerve repair by means of tissue\u2010engineered muscle\u2010vein combined guides"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"489","author":[{"given":"Stefania","family":"Raimondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Nicolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Tos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Battiston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria G.","family":"Giacobini\u2010Robecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Perroteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Geuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2752(2000)20:1<32::AID-MICR6>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2752(2000)20:1<37::AID-MICR7>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1920140407"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-05-01642.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.21740"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01206661"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-001-0504-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(97)00200-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","volume-title":"Schwann cells\u2014development and regeneration of the nervous system","author":"Dubovy P","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440060406"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440120203"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1136(20010101)33:1<36::AID-GLIA1004>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(02)00096-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(89)90036-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-1738(02)00231-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004290050334"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-37818"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/016164104225013752"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-19-06107.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10692"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1986.tb00679.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/jhsb.2000.0497"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199708)20:4<333::AID-GLIA6>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199811)24:3<290::AID-GLIA3>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","volume-title":"Nerve injury and repair","author":"Lundborg G","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2000.4165"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-19889"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(98)00178-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2004.10.1027"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"Interfascicular nerve grafting","volume":"2","author":"Millesi H","year":"1970","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00503-5","article-title":"Techniques for nerve grafting","volume":"16","author":"Millesi H","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00981943","article-title":"A study of degeneration and regeneration in the divided sciatic nerve based on electron microscopy. 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