{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T12:56:41Z","timestamp":1761742601195},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,15]],"date-time":"2005-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1121385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the distribution and fate of cocaine\u2010 and amphetamine\u2010regulated transcript peptide (CARTp)<jats:sub>55\u2013102<\/jats:sub>\u2010immunoreactive (IR) structures in the neonatal and adult rat urinary bladder. Double\u2010labeling studies examining CARTp with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), or choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were performed in wholemounts of urothelium or detrusor or cryostat sections of the bladder. In younger animals (postnatal day [P]1, P3), CARTp\u2010IR cell bodies in detrusor smooth muscle were observed in large clusters (\u223c100 cells\/cluster) at the ureteral insertion and along thick bundles of nerve fibers at the bladder base. The total number of CARTp\u2010IR cells was significantly reduced (by five\u2010fold) at P14, and this reduced number persisted into adulthood. The decrease in the number of CARTp\u2010expressing cells was complemented with positive staining for cleaved caspase\u20103, suggesting that apoptosis contributed to this decrease. At birth (P1), all CARTp\u2010IR cells expressed the neuronal marker Hu. After birth, CARTp was expressed by some neurons (CARTp\u2010IR, Hu\u2010IR) that represent intramural ganglion cells and by cells that lacked a neuronal phenotype (CARTp\u2010IR, Hu\u2010) but did express TH. Neither of these cell populations expressed ChAT immunoreactivity in adult bladder. These cells (CARTp\u2010IR, Hu\u2010, TH\u2010IR) may represent paraganglion or small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells. The percentage of colocalization of CARTp\u2010IR and nNOS or TH was dependent on postnatal age and showed an inverse relationship. At P1, 67.1 % of CARTp\u2010IR cells expressed nNOS immunoreactivity. Decreased colocalization was observed with increasing postnatal age. In contrast, 19.5% of CARTp\u2010IR cells expressed TH at P1, but colocalization increased with postnatal age. The suburothelial plexus lacked CARTp\u2010IR nerve fibers until P14, when nerve fibers with varicosities were observed in the urethra and bladder neck region. In summary, we demonstrate 1) a decrease in the number of CARTp\u2010IR cells in rat detrusor in early postnatal development; 2) apoptotic events in the bladder during early postnatal development; 3) rostral migration of CARTp\u2010IR cells from the ureteral insertion toward the bladder body during postnatal development; 4) the presence of different populations of CARTp\u2010IR cells, some with and others without a neuronal phenotype; and (5) age\u2010dependent changes in chemical coding of CARTp\u2010IR cells with postnatal development. This study demonstrates that CARTp\u2010IR intramural ganglia and CARTp\u2010IR paraganglion or SIF cells exist in the postnatal and adult rat bladder, although the role of these cell types remains to be determined. J. Comp. Neurol. 489:501\u2013517, 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,15]],"date-time":"2005-07-15T17:17:55Z","timestamp":1121447875000},"page":"501-517","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Distribution and fate of cocaine\u2010 and amphetamine\u2010regulated transcript peptide (CARTp)\u2010expressing cells in rat urinary bladder: A developmental study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"489","author":[{"given":"Katarina","family":"Zvarova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Vizzard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(96)13129-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1996.76.1.215"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-21-08402.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(88)90198-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2004.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(87)90213-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10077"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1336"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"The development of the control of water metabolism. 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