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Two major cell classes exist in the BLA, pyramidal projection neurons and nonpyramidal interneurons. Although the properties of projection neurons have been studied in detail, little is known about the properties of BLA interneurons. We have used whole\u2010cell patch clamp recording techniques to examine the physiological properties of 48 visually identified putative interneurons from the rat anterior basolateral amygdalar nucleus. Here, we report that BLA interneurons can be differentiated into four electrophysiologically distinct subtypes based on their intrinsic membrane properties and their response to afferent synaptic input. Interneuron subtypes were named according to their characteristic firing pattern generated in response to transient depolarizing current injection and were grouped as follows: 1) burst\u2010firing interneurons (n = 13), 2) regular\u2010firing interneurons (n = 11), 3) fast\u2010firing interneurons (n = 10), and 4) stutter\u2010firing interneurons (n = 14). Post hoc histochemical visualization confirmed that all 48 recorded neurons had morphological properties consistent with their being local circuit interneurons. Moreover, by using triple immunofluorescence (for biocytin, calcium\u2010binding proteins, and neuropeptides) in conjunction with patch clamp recording, we further demonstrated that over 60% of burst\u2010firing and stutter\u2010firing interneurons also expressed the calcium\u2010binding protein parvalbumin (PV<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>). These data demonstrate that interneurons of the BLA show both physiological and neurochemical diversity. Moreover, we demonstrate that the burst\u2010 and stutter\u2010firing patterns positively correlate with PV<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> immunoreactivity, suggesting that these neurons may represent functionally distinct subpopulations. J. Comp. Neurol. 498:142\u2013161, 2006. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,19]],"date-time":"2006-07-19T20:51:03Z","timestamp":1153342263000},"page":"142-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["Physiological and morphological characterization of parvalbumin\u2010containing interneurons of the rat basolateral amygdala"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"498","author":[{"given":"Donald Gordon","family":"Rainnie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irakli","family":"Mania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Mascagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander 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