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With the exception of the olfactory nerve layer, all layers of the macaque monkey OB demonstrated a dense innervation of AChE\u2010 and ChAT\u2010positive fibers. The distribution patterns of AChE\u2010 and ChAT\u2010labeled fibers were similar for both cholinergic markers, although the number of AChE\u2010labeled fibers was clearly higher than the number of ChAT\u2010immunoreactive fibers. The highest density of AChE and ChAT\u2010stained fibers was observed in the interface between the glomerular layer and the external plexiform layer and in the internal plexiform layer. Dense bundles of labeled fibers were observed in the caudal OB, coursing from the olfactory peduncle. All ChAT\u2010immunopositive elements were identified as centrifugal fibers, derived from neurons caudal to the OB. Neither olfactory fibers nor intrinsic neurons were observed after ChAT immunocytochemistry. However, a few AChE\u2010positive cells were observed in the glomerular layer and in both external and internal plexiform layers. These neurons were presumably identified as periglomerular cells, superficial short\u2010axon cells, and\/or external tufted cells and deep short\u2010axon cells. Contrary to other neurotransmitters and neuroactive substances, the distribution patterns of ChAT and AChE activities in the macaque monkey OB closely resembled the patterns described in macrosmatic mammals and showed laminar differences with the distribution pattern observed in humans. J. Comp. Neurol. 501:854\u2013865, 2007. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T20:59:59Z","timestamp":1172005199000},"page":"854-865","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Chemical organization of the macaque monkey olfactory bulb: III. 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