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To achieve this task during development, it is likely that multiple classes of regulatory molecules, including cell adhesion molecules, are involved. Cell adhesion molecules have been shown to be important in controlling axon guidance, fasciculation, and synapse formation. To gain further understanding of the involvement of adhesion molecules in olfactory circuitry development, we examined the dynamic and cell type specific expression of a novel protocadherin, PCDH20, in the olfactory system. PCDH20 is specifically expressed in newly differentiated olfactory sensory neurons and their axons during development. PCDH20 expression is down\u2010regulated in the adult olfactory system, except in a small olfactory sensory neuron population. These small, discrete numbers of PCDH20\u2010positive glomeruli in the adult olfactory bulb are consistently clustered in the ventral\u2010caudal region in both male and female mice. However, adult males have higher numbers of PCDH20\u2010positive glomeruli with a broader distribution, whereas adult females have fewer PCDH20\u2010positive glomeruli with a more restricted distribution. The gender difference in PCDH20 expression may reflect olfactory receptor expression differences for gender\u2010specific social discrimination. J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1076\u20131086, 2008. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,19]],"date-time":"2007-12-19T20:49:36Z","timestamp":1198097376000},"page":"1076-1086","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Olfactory sensory neuron\u2010specific and sexually dimorphic expression of protocadherin 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