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The fact that recovery is restricted to trained visual field locations suggests that the neural circuitry of early visual cortical areas, with their tighter retinotopy, may play an important role in attaining perceptual improvements after damage to higher level visual cortex. The present study tests this hypothesis by comparing the manner in which excitatory and inhibitory components of the supragranular circuitry in an early visual cortical area (area 18) are affected by LS lesions and postlesion training. First, the proportion of LS\u2010projecting pyramidal cells as well as calbindin\u2010 and parvalbumin\u2010positive interneurons expressing each of the four AMPA receptor subunits was estimated in layers II and III of area 18 in intact animals. The degree to which LS lesions and visual retraining altered these expression patterns was then assessed. Both LS\u2010projecting pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons exhibited long\u2010term, differential reductions in the expression of glutamate receptor (GluR)1, \u20102, \u20102\/3, and \u20104 following LS lesions. Intensive visual training post lesion restored normal AMPAR subunit expression in all three cell\u2010types examined. Furthermore, for LS\u2010projecting and calbindin\u2010positive neurons, this restoration occurred only in portions of the ipsi\u2010lesional area 18 representing trained visual field locations. This supports our hypothesis that stimulation of early visual cortical areas\u2014in this case, area 18\u2014by training is an important factor in restoring visual perception after permanent damage to LS cortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 508:45\u201361, 2008. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,25]],"date-time":"2008-02-25T17:46:36Z","timestamp":1203961596000},"page":"45-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A neurochemical signature of visual recovery after extrastriate cortical damage in the adult cat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"508","author":[{"given":"Krystel R.","family":"Huxlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer 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