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We used intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) and recordings of cortically evoked muscle electromyographic (EMG) activities to test whether changes occur in the ICMS\u2010defined motor representations of the left and right jaw muscles [masseter, anterior digastric (LAD, RAD)] and tongue muscle [genioglossus (GG)] within the cytoarchitectonically defined face primary motor cortex (face\u2010M1) and adjacent face primary somatosensory cortex (face\u2010S1) 1 week following extraction of the right mandibular incisor in anesthetized (ketamine\u2010HCl) adult male Sprague\u2010Dawley rats. Under local and general anesthesia, an \u201cextraction\u201d group (n = 8) received mucoalveolar bone surgery and extraction of the mandibular right incisor. A \u201csham\u2010extraction\u201d group (n = 6) received surgery with no extraction. A \u201cnaive\u201d group (n = 6) had neither surgery nor extraction. Data were compared by using mixed\u2010model repeated\u2010measures ANOVA. Dental extraction was associated with a significantly increased number of sites within face\u2010M1 and face\u2010S1 from which ICMS evoked RAD EMG activities, a lateral shift of the RAD and LAD centers of gravity within face\u2010M1, shorter onset latencies of ICMS\u2010evoked GG activities within face\u2010M1 and face\u2010S1, and an increased number of sites within face\u2010M1 from which ICMS simultaneously evoked RAD and GG activities. Our novel findings suggest that dental extraction may be associated with significant neuroplastic changes within the rat's face\u2010M1 and adjacent face\u2010S1 that may be related to the animal's ability to adapt to the altered oral state. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:1030\u20131045, 2010. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,20]],"date-time":"2009-11-20T16:24:53Z","timestamp":1258734293000},"page":"1030-1045","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Effects of incisor extraction on jaw and tongue motor representations within face sensorimotor cortex of adult rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"518","author":[{"given":"Limor","family":"Avivi\u2010Arber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jye\u2010Chang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry J.","family":"Sessle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-200208000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08990220701470451"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90609.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.96.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(88)90063-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"The motor cortex","author":"Asanuma H","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Breathing, walking and chewing","author":"Avivi\u2010Arber L","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20306"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-007-9293-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(75)90262-9","article-title":"Tongue usage as a measure of cerebral cortical localization in rat","volume":"47","author":"Castro AJ","year":"1975","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.072097999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012693019-1\/50011-3","volume-title":"Brain mapping: the methods","author":"Cheney PD","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902120106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203508039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(98)80011-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00451-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210000652"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)91188-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2235-05.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"A 21 year retrospective study of reports of paresthesia following local anesthetic administration","volume":"61","author":"Haas DA","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-005-0199-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/264"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(77)90135-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20730"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20511"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08990220701507401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20579"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(98)00111-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/7.2.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00247360"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21232"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050355"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.48.4.313"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20267"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nlme.2000.4004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","unstructured":"LeeJ Avivi\u2010ArberL AdachiK YaoD SessleBJ.2005.Motor cortex (MI) neuroplasticity associated with single or multiple trimming of the rat incisor. 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