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The transcription factors Pax6 and Sox2 are characteristic of stem cells in many tissues, including the brain. Therefore, we assessed the expression of Pax6 and Sox2 in normal olfactory epithelium and during epithelial regeneration after methyl bromide lesion or olfactory bulbectomy. Sox2 is found in multiple kinds of cells in normal epithelium, including sustentacular cells, horizontal basal cells, and some globose basal cells. Pax6 is coexpressed with Sox2 in all these but is also found in duct\/gland cells as well as olfactory neurons that innervate necklace glomeruli. Most of the Sox2\/Pax6\u2010positive globose basal cells are actively cycling, but some express the cyclin\u2010dependent kinase inhibitor p27<jats:sup>Kip1<\/jats:sup> and are presumably mitotically quiescent. Among globose basal cells, Sox2 and Pax6 are coexpressed by putatively multipotent progenitors (labeled by neither anti\u2010Mash1 nor anti\u2010Neurog1) and neuron\u2010committed transit amplifying cells (which express Mash1). However, Sox2 and Pax6 are expressed by only a minority of immediate neuronal precursors (Neurog1 and NeuroD1 expressing). The assignment of Sox2 and Pax6 to these categories of globose basal cells is confirmed by a temporal analysis of transcription factor expression during the recovery of the epithelium from methyl bromide\u2010induced injury. Each of the Sox2\/Pax6\u2010colabeled cell types is at a remove from the birth of neurons; thus, suppressing neuronal differentiation may be among the roles of Sox2\/Pax6 in the olfactory epithelium. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:4395\u20134418, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,26]],"date-time":"2010-07-26T20:09:26Z","timestamp":1280174966000},"page":"4395-4418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Expression of Pax6 and Sox2 in adult olfactory epithelium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"518","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Packard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard C.","family":"Krolewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret T.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glen 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