{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:51:40Z","timestamp":1792003900038,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,18]],"date-time":"2011-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1295308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The vagus nerve supplies low\u2010threshold chemo\u2010 and mechanosensitive afferents to the mucosa of the proximal gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The absence of a full characterization of the morphology and distributions of these projections has hampered comprehensive functional analyses. In the present experiment, dextran (10K) conjugated with tetramethylrhodamine and biotin was injected into the nodose ganglion and used to label the terminal arbors of individual vagal afferents of both rats and mice. Series of serial 100\u2010\u03bcm thick sections of the initial segment of the duodenum as well as the pyloric antrum were collected and processed with diaminobenzidine for permanent tracer labeling. Examination of over 400 isolated afferent fibers, more than 200 from each species, indicated that three vagal afferent specializations, each distinct in morphology and in targets, innervate the mucosa of the proximal GI tract. One population of fibers, the\n                    <jats:italic>villus afferents<\/jats:italic>\n                    , supplies plates of varicose endings to the apical tips of intestinal villi, immediately subjacent to the epithelial wall. A second type of afferent, the\n                    <jats:italic>crypt afferent<\/jats:italic>\n                    , forms subepithelial rings of varicose processes encircling the intestinal glands or crypts, immediately below the crypt\u2010villus junction. Statistical assessment of the isolated fibers indicated that the villus arbors and the crypt endings are independent, issued by different vagal afferents. A third vagal afferent specialization, the\n                    <jats:italic>antral gland afferent<\/jats:italic>\n                    , arborizes along the gastric antral glands and forms terminal concentrations immediately below the luminal epithelial wall. The terminal locations, morphological features, and regional distributions of these three specializations provide inferences about the sensitivities of the afferents. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:644\u2013660, 2011. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,30]],"date-time":"2010-11-30T21:07:22Z","timestamp":1291151242000},"page":"644-660","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Vagal afferent innervation of the proximal gastrointestinal tract mucosa: Chemoreceptor and mechanoreceptor architecture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"519","author":[{"given":"Terry L.","family":"Powley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan A.","family":"Spaulding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley A.","family":"Haglof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1998.274.3.G552"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"The nerves and nerve endings of the mucous layer of the ileum, as shown by the rapid Golgi method","volume":"8","author":"Berkley HJ","year":"1893","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000147837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00187819"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012088394-3\/50028-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(90)90185-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80490-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1978.sp012527"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"ii1","article-title":"How many kinds of visceral afferents?","volume":"53","author":"Costa M","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015388"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015390"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.280.5.G1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-009-0068-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.041673","article-title":"Chylomicron components activate duodenal vagal afferents via a cholecystokinin A receptor\u2010mediated pathway to inhibit gastric motor function in the rat","volume":"550","author":"Glatzle J","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(88)90104-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"593","volume-title":"Handbook of physiology. 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