{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T05:02:56Z","timestamp":1791522176057,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,6]],"date-time":"2012-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Comparative studies on cellular and molecular clock mechanisms have revealed striking similarities in the organization of the clocks among different animal groups. To gain evolutionary insight into the properties of the clock network within the <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> genus, we analyzed sequence identities and similarities of clock protein homologues and immunostained brains of 10 different <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> species using antibodies against vrille (VRI), PAR\u2010protein domain1 (PDP1), and cryptochrome (CRY). We found that the clock network of both subgenera <jats:italic>Sophophora<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> consists of all lateral and dorsal clock neuron clusters that were previously described in <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>. Immunostaining against CRY and the neuropeptide pigment\u2010dispersing factor (PDF), however, revealed species\u2010specific differences. All species of the <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> subgenus and <jats:italic>D. pseudoobscura<\/jats:italic> of the <jats:italic>Sophophora<\/jats:italic> subgenus completely lacked CRY in the large ventrolateral clock neurons (lLN<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>s) and showed reduced PDF immunostaining in the small ventrolateral clock neurons (sLN<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>s). In contrast, we found the expression of the ion transport peptide (ITP) to be consistent within the fifth sLN<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub> and one dorsolateral clock neuron (LN<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>) in all investigated species, suggesting a conserved putative function of this neuropeptide in the clock. We conclude that the general anatomy of the clock network is highly conserved throughout the <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> genus, although there is variation in PDF and CRY expression. Our comparative study is a first step toward understanding the organization of the circadian clock in <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> species adapted to different habitats. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:367\u2013388, 2013. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T07:17:40Z","timestamp":1340781460000},"page":"367-388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["The circadian clock network in the brain of different <i>Drosophila<\/i> species"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"521","author":[{"given":"Christiane","family":"Hermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachele","family":"Saccon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingkalai R.","family":"Senthilan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilith","family":"Domnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Dircksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taishi","family":"Yoshii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Helfrich\u2010F\u00f6rster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Drosophila. 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