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Expression of CNTF receptor \u03b1 (CNTFR\u03b1), an essential CNTF receptor component, is greatly increased in skeletal muscle following neuromuscular insult. Together the data suggest that muscle CNTFR\u03b1 may contribute to neuromuscular maintenance, protection, and\/or regeneration in vivo. To directly address the role of muscle CNTFR\u03b1, we selectively\u2010depleted it in vivo by using a \u201cfloxed\u201d CNTFR\u03b1 mouse line and a gene construct (mlc1f\u2010Cre) that drives the expression of Cre specifically in skeletal muscle. The resulting mice were challenged with sciatic nerve crush. Counting of nerve axons and retrograde tracing of MNs indicated that muscle CNTFR\u03b1 contributes to MN axonal regeneration across the lesion site. Walking track analysis indicated that muscle CNTFR\u03b1 is also required for normal recovery of motor function. However, the same muscle CNTFR\u03b1 depletion unexpectedly had no detected effect on the maintenance or regeneration of the muscle itself, even though exogenous CNTF has been shown to affect these functions. Similarly, MN survival and lesion\u2010induced terminal sprouting were unaffected. Therefore, muscle CNTFR\u03b1 is an interesting new example of a muscle growth factor receptor that, in vivo under physiological conditions, contributes much more to neuronal regeneration than to the maintenance or regeneration of the muscle itself. This novel form of muscle\u2013neuron interaction also has implications in the therapeutic targeting of the neuromuscular system in MN disorders and following nerve injury. J. Comp. Neurol. 521: 2947\u20132965, 2013. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,16]],"date-time":"2013-03-16T08:54:33Z","timestamp":1363424073000},"page":"2947-2965","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Muscle ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor \u03b1 promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery following peripheral nerve lesion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"521","author":[{"given":"Nancy","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel P.","family":"Spearry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kendra M.","family":"Leahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Robitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis S.","family":"Trinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carter O.","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebekah J.","family":"Zurbrugg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myra K.","family":"Batt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45267"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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