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JG cells consist of heterogeneous subpopulations with different neurochemical, physiological, and morphological properties. Among JG cells, previous electron microscopic (EM) studies have shown that the majority of synaptic inputs to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)\u2010immunoreactive neurons were asymmetrical synapses from olfactory nerve (ON) terminals. However, recent physiological results revealed that 70% of dopaminergic\/\u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons received polysynaptic inputs via ET cells, whereas the remaining 30% received monosynaptic ON inputs. To understand the discrepancies between EM and physiological data, we used serial EM analysis combined with confocal laser scanning microscope images to examine the spatial distribution of synapses on dendrites using mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein under the control of the TH promoter. The majority of synaptic inputs to TH\u2010expressing JG cells were from ON terminals, and they preferentially targeted distal dendrites from the soma. On the other hand, the numbers of non\u2010ON inputs were fewer and targeted proximal dendrites. Furthermore, individual TH\u2010expressing JG cells formed serial synapses, such as M\/T\u2192TH\u2192another presumed M\/T or ON\u2192TH\u2192presumed M\/T, but not reciprocal synapses. Serotonergic fibers also associated with somatic regions of TH neurons, displaying non\u2010ON profiles. Thus, fewer proximal non\u2010ON synapses provide more effective inputs than large numbers of distal ON synapses and may occur on the physiologically characterized population of dopaminergic\u2010GABAergic neurons (70%) that receive their most effective inputs indirectly via an ON\u2192ET\u2192TH circuit. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1059\u20131074, 2017. \u00a9 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]],"date-time":"2016-11-16T23:57:51Z","timestamp":1479340671000},"page":"1059-1074","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Spatial distribution of synapses on tyrosine hydroxylase\u2013expressing juxtaglomerular cells in the mouse olfactory glomerulus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"525","author":[{"given":"Emi","family":"Kiyokage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Kawasaki Medical School Kurashiki Okayama 701\u20100192 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuto","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima 960\u20101295 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Toida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Kawasaki Medical School Kurashiki Okayama 701\u20100192 Japan"},{"name":"Research Center for Ultra\u2010High Voltage Electron Microscopy Osaka University Mihogaoka, Ibaraki Osaka 567\u20100047 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(87)90213-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00847.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3515-14.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-7-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-13-05563.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5317-08.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540104901203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2368-09.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.05.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01257970"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1367-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22237"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21396"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3497-09.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-0102(95)90017-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-073x.2005.00092.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.04.087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(98)00002-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(96)00308-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2008.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E10-12-0994"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902080410"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.00972.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.07-10-03016.1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902190308"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5440.711"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0527-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2181-14.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902260305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2335"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.084632"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.9.2.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.9.2.347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.7.3.631"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","volume-title":"Practical stereology","author":"Russ J. 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