{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:24:29Z","timestamp":1788866669831,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]],"date-time":"2017-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KL2 TR001080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KL2 TR001080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a circuit\u2010level disorder with clinically\u2010determined motor subtypes. Despite evidence suggesting each subtype may have different pathophysiology, few neuroimaging studies have examined levodopa\u2010induced differences in neural activation between tremor dominant (TD) and postural instability\/gait difficulty (PIGD) subtype patients during a motor task. The goal of this functional MRI (fMRI) study was to examine task\u2010induced activation and connectivity in the cortico\u2010striatal\u2010thalamo\u2010cortical motor circuit in healthy controls, TD patients, and PIGD patients before and after levodopa administration. Fourteen TD and 12 PIGD cognitively\u2010intact patients and 21 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls completed a right\u2010hand, paced tapping fMRI paradigm. Collectively, PD patients off medication (OFF) showed hypoactivation of the motor cortex relative to healthy controls, even when controlling for performance. After levodopa intake, the PIGD patients had significantly increased activation in the left putamen compared with TD patients and healthy controls. Psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed that levodopa increased effective connectivity between the posterior putamen and other areas of the motor circuit during tapping in TD patients, but not in PIGD patients. This novel, levodopa\u2010induced difference in the neural responses between PD motor subtypes may have significant implications for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the distinct phenotypic manifestations and enabling the classification of motor subtypes objectively using fMRI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T12:47:18Z","timestamp":1488545238000},"page":"2192-2201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Levodopa response differs in Parkinson's motor subtypes: A task\u2010based effective connectivity study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"525","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9134-0884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brianne","family":"Mohl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian 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