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However, there are very few data on the existence or nature and timeline of such reorganization events during sensory deficits in adulthood. In this study, we assessed long\u2010term changes in activity\u2010dependent immediate early genes c\u2010Fos and Arc\/Arg3.1 in auditory and neighboring visual cortical areas after bilateral deafness in young adult rats. Specifically, we analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively c\u2010Fos and Arc\/Arg3.1 immunoreactivity at 15 and 90 days after cochlea removal. We report extensive, global loss of c\u2010Fos and Arc\/Arg3.1 immunoreactive neurons in the auditory cortex 15 days after permanent auditory deprivation in adult rats, which is partly reversed 90 days after deafness. Simultaneously, the number and labeling intensity of c\u2010Fos\u2010 and Arc\/Arg3.1\u2010immunoreactive neurons progressively increase in neighboring visual cortical areas from 2 weeks after deafness and these changes stabilize three months after inducing the cochlear lesion. These findings support plastic, compensatory, long\u2010term changes in activity in the auditory and visual cortices after auditory deprivation in the adult rats. Further studies may clarify whether those changes result in perceptual potentiation of visual drives on auditory regions of the adult cortex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T22:26:51Z","timestamp":1493936811000},"page":"2677-2689","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["c\u2010Fos and Arc\/Arg3.1 expression in auditory and visual cortices after hearing loss: Evidence of sensory crossmodal reorganization in adult rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"525","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Pernia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology of Hearing Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y Le\u00f3n (Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y Le\u00f3n \u2013 INCYL), University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca \u2013 US) Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Estevez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology of Hearing Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y Le\u00f3n (Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y Le\u00f3n \u2013 INCYL), University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca \u2013 US) Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Poveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine of Albacete Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Discapacidades Neurol\u00f3gicas \u2013 IDINE), University of Castilla\u2010La Mancha (Universidad de Castilla La Mancha \u2013 UCLM) Albacete Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Plaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology of Hearing Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y Le\u00f3n (Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y Le\u00f3n \u2013 INCYL), University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca \u2013 US) Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Carro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology of Hearing Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y Le\u00f3n (Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y Le\u00f3n \u2013 INCYL), University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca \u2013 US) Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Juiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine of Albacete Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Discapacidades Neurol\u00f3gicas \u2013 IDINE), University of Castilla\u2010La Mancha (Universidad de Castilla La Mancha \u2013 UCLM) Albacete Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1334-2822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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