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Prolactin (PRL) is one of the modulators of gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons function. The South American plains vizcacha (\n                    <jats:italic>Lagostomus maximus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a unique model to study the regulation of hypothalamic GnRH neurons by direct and indirect steroid\u2010dependent pathways. The aim was to characterize the hypothalamic expression of endocrine markers in vizcacha during gestation as well as their response to experimental induced hyperprolactinemia. The possible involvement of PRL regulatory pathways on GnRH in the context of hypothalamic and pituitary reactivation in mid\u2010gestating vizcachas was discussed. Using two in vivo approaches, we determined changes in the hypothalamic expression and distribution of prolactin receptor (PRLR), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and dopamine type 2 receptor. A significant increment in the number of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurons was determined in the arcuate nucleus from early to term pregnancy. On the other hand, at preoptic area, the number of both TH+PRLR+ and GnRH+PRLR+ double\u2010labeled neurons significantly decreased at mid\u2010pregnancy probably allowing the recovery of GnRH expression indicating that both types of neurons may represent the key points of PRL indirect and direct pathways modulating GnRH. Moreover, in a model of induced hyperprolactinemic vizcachas, the inhibitory effect of PRL on GnRH at both expression and delivery levels were confirmed. These results suggest the concomitant participation of both PRL regulatory pathways on GnRH modulation and pinpoint the key role of PRL on GnRH expression enabling the recovery of the hypothalamic activity during the gestation in this species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T14:20:06Z","timestamp":1675088406000},"page":"720-742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Hypothalamic GnRH expression and pulsatility depends on a balance of prolactin receptors in the plains vizcacha,\n                    <i>Lagostomus maximus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"531","author":[{"given":"Santiago Andr\u00e9s","family":"Cortasa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biom\u00e9dicos B\u00e1sicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) 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Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)  Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Clara","family":"Corso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biom\u00e9dicos B\u00e1sicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maim\u00f3nides  Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)  Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo Ignacio Felipe","family":"Inserra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Centro de Estudios Biom\u00e9dicos B\u00e1sicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD) Universidad Maim\u00f3nides  Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)  Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires 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