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Temporary inactivation of the non\u2010deprived eye can promote superior recovery from the effects of long\u2010term MD compared to conventional occlusion therapy. In the current study, we assessed the modification of neuron size in the dLGN as a means of measuring the impact of a brief period of monocular inactivation (MI) imposed at different postnatal ages. The biggest impact of MI was observed when it occurred at the peak of the critical period. Unlike the effect of MD, structural plasticity following MI was observed in both the binocular and monocular segments of the dLGN. With increasing age, the capacity for inactivation to alter postsynaptic cell size diminished but was still significant beyond the critical period. In comparison to MD, inactivation produced effects that were about double in magnitude and exhibited efficacy at older ages. Notwithstanding the large neural alterations precipitated by MI, its effects were remediated with a short period of binocular experience, and vision through the previously inactivated eye fully recovered. These results demonstrate that MI is a potent means of modifying the visual pathway and does so at ages when occlusion is ineffective. The efficacy and longevity of inactivation to elicit plasticity highlight its potential to ameliorate disorders of the visual system such as amblyopia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T02:05:15Z","timestamp":1683165915000},"page":"1244-1260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparative analysis of structural modifications induced by monocular retinal inactivation and monocular deprivation in the developing cat lateral geniculate nucleus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"531","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3871-3287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin R.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology &amp; Neuroscience Dalhousie University  Halifax Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3168-1692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Crowder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology &amp; Neuroscience Dalhousie University  Halifax Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4313-7405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnold J.","family":"Heynen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9903-2541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark F.","family":"Bear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8511592"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7100921"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1002648202420"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.23.9246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(199910)41:1<83::AID-NEU11>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1988.01060130046025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"640","article-title":"Spatial adaptation of the cortical visual evoked potential of the cat","volume":"25","author":"Bonds A. 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